The association between motor abilities and movement skills with cognitive abilities in preschool children

Borko Katanić; Aleksandra Aleksić Veljković; Radivoje Radaković; Rifat Mujanović; Nikola Prvulović

doi:10.47197/retos.v65.111375

Autores/as

Borko Katanić Montenegrin Sports Academy
Aleksandra Aleksić Veljković University of Niš, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Niš, Serbia
Radivoje Radaković University of Kragujevac, Institute of Information Technologies, Kragujevac, Serbia
Rifat Mujanović Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Serbia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4628-1798
Nikola Prvulović National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.111375

Palabras clave:

niños en edad preescolar, desarrollo motor, habilidades motoras fundamentales, habilidades motoras gruesas, función cognitiva

Resumen

Introducción: Faltan estudios que hayan analizado específicamente la asociación entre las habilidades motoras y de movimiento con las habilidades cognitivas en niños.

Objetivo: El estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar la asociación entre las habilidades motoras y de movimiento con las habilidades cognitivas de niños en edad preescolar.

Metodología: En este estudio transversal, la muestra total consistió en 91 niños (41 niños y 50 niñas), preescolares de cinco a seis años (edad promedio de 6.09±0.38 años). Las habilidades motoras se evaluaron a través de cuatro subpruebas del Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2), y las habilidades de movimiento se evaluaron mediante el Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2), mientras que las capacidades cognitivas se midieron utilizando el Test de Madurez Escolar (TZŠ+).

Resultados: Basado en el análisis de regresión múltiple, se reveló una asociación significativa entre las habilidades motoras y el rendimiento cognitivo de los niños en edad preescolar. Específicamente, los resultados demostraron que las habilidades motoras, particularmente la coordinación corporal y la integración de habilidades motoras finas, explican una proporción notable de la varianza en las puntuaciones cognitivas totales. Contrario a lo esperado, las habilidades de movimiento no demostraron una asociación con las capacidades cognitivas en los niños preescolares.

Conclusiones: En conclusión, los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de fomentar enfoques integrales en la educación infantil temprana que reconozcan el papel integral de las habilidades motoras en el desarrollo cognitivo. Se justifica una mayor exploración para dilucidar los mecanismos específicos subyacentes a la asociación entre las habilidades de movimiento y el desarrollo cognitivo.

Citas

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La asociación entre las habilidades motoras y las habilidades de movimiento con las capacidades cognitivas en niños en edad preescolar

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