El efecto del entrenamiento de alta intensidad en intervalos (HIIT) sobre el rendimiento de jugadores de baloncesto de 10 a 15 años
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.109315Palabras clave:
entrenamiento “HIIT", salto con contramovimiento (CMJ), salto en cuclillas (SJ), variables biomecánicas, habilidades de coordinación, rendimiento de velocidadResumen
El baloncesto es un juego de segundos. Una característica de este deporte es la alta intensidad, la presión de uno o más oponentes diferentes y tiempos de recuperación muy cortos. Desde el punto de vista fisiológico-biomecánico, el baloncesto se clasifica entre las actividades deportivas con compromiso energético alternante aeróbico-anaeróbico, con exigencias distritales de fuerza y resistencia medias a altas. Basado en el Programa de Entrenamiento de Alta Intensidad Interválica (HIIT), en 8 semanas en un grupo de niños de 10 a 15 años, teniendo en cuenta la eficiencia del tiempo, buscamos ayudar a los jóvenes deportistas a progresar, ofreciendo la mejora de otras habilidades importantes. , como habilidades de coordinación, velocidad y rendimiento. Este estudio pretende identificar las variables biomecánicas que inciden directamente en su evolución. En este estudio participaron 15 sujetos (edad: 12,53 ± 2,09; altura: 1,59 ± 0,10; masa corporal: 49,82 ± 16,78; IMC: 19,21 ± 3,98), jugadores de baloncesto del equipo de baloncesto "Sonia Basket". Para lograr este objetivo, se realizaron las pruebas de salto vertical CMJ (salto con contramovimiento) y SJ (salto en cuclillas) sobre la plataforma de fuerza. La evaluación de los datos se realizó mediante métodos de procesamiento de análisis estadístico. Los resultados de la prueba t independiente revelaron una mejora estadística de 3 cm en la altura máxima en la prueba CMJ y de 90 N en la fuerza máxima en la prueba SJ debido al método denominado "HIIT". Los resultados de este estudio del método HIIT muestran un desarrollo físico y fisiológico positivo de los jugadores de tal manera que les ofrece la oportunidad de expresar el más alto nivel de rendimiento en el juego de baloncesto. Si este método de entrenamiento se utiliza durante un tiempo aún más prolongado, los resultados serán muchas veces mayores y afectarán aún más a la mejora de todos los parámetros biomecánicos.
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