El aislamiento social durante la pandemia de covid-19 perjudicó las concentraciones de vitamina d, el rendimiento motor y la aptitud física en adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.109217Palabras clave:
adolescentes, adiposidad, aptitud física, competencia motora, pandemia (COVID-19), aislamiento socialResumen
Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto del aislamiento social derivado de la pandemia de Coronavirus (COVID-19) síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) sobre las concentraciones de vitamina D (25(OH)D), el rendimiento motor y la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria (ACR) en adolescentes. Este método de investigación es un estudio de caso-control que incluyó a 34 niños, de 12 a 16 años. En el período prepandémico, 17 escolares fueron evaluados en diciembre de 2019, clasificados según el puntaje Z del índice de masa corporal (IMC-z) como: eutróficos (n=8) y con sobrepeso (n=9). El grupo pospandémico estuvo compuesto por 17 niños, evaluados en marzo de 2022, emparejados con las mismas características de IMC-z. Se evaluaron la estatura, la masa corporal, la masa grasa (MG), la masa libre de grasa (MLG), la flexibilidad (FLEX), 25(OH)D, la ACR absoluta (ACRabs) y relativa (ACRrel). Se utilizó el tiempo de ejecución de la prueba Supine-to-Stand (STSTIME) para evaluar el rendimiento y la competencia motores mediante los patrones motores utilizados en la ejecución (STSMC), considerando p<0.05 como significativo. Los resultados mostraron que, en el período pospandémico, se observaron afectaciones en 25(OH)D, FLEX, STSTIME y ACR (p<0.05). Los eutróficos y con sobrepeso redujeron las concentraciones de 25(OH)D (p<0.001) y aumentaron el STSTIME (p=0.02), pero no modificaron el STSMC. En cuanto a la ACR, los eutróficos mostraron valores más bajos de ACRabs y ACRrel (p≤ 0.005), sin embargo, no hubo cambios en el grupo con sobrepeso. Concluimos que el aislamiento social afectó las concentraciones de 25(OH)D y el rendimiento motor de los adolescentes. Sin embargo, se destaca que los eutróficos fueron los más impactados con el aislamiento social, ya que también mostraron un efecto desfavorable en la ACR.
Citas
Adair, T. (2023). Premature cardiovascular disease mortality with overweight and obesity as a risk factor: Estimating excess mortality in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Obesity, 47(4), 273–279. doi: 10.1038/s41366-023-01263-y
Adelantado-Renau, M., Esteban-Cornejo, I., Mora-Gonzalez, J., Plaza-Florido, A., Rodriguez-Ayllon, M., Maldonado, J., … Ortega, F. B. (2023). Neurotrophic factors and brain health in children with overweight and obesity: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness. European Journal of Sport Science, 23(4), 637–648. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2044912
Antonucci, R., Vacca, N., Biasia, B., Locci, C., Dore, M. P., Pes, G. M., & Bitti, A. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 Pan-demic and Associated Restrictions on Vitamin D Status in a Large Cohort of Italian Children and Adolescents. Medici-na (Kaunas, Lithuania), 60(1), 65. doi: 10.3390/medicina60010065
Bayramoğlu, E., Akkoç, G., Ağbaş, A., Akgün, Ö., Yurdakul, K., Selçuk Duru, H. N., & Elevli, M. (2021). The asso-ciation between vitamin D levels and the clinical severity and inflammation markers in pediatric COVID-19 patients: Single-center experience from a pandemic hospital. European Journal of Pediatrics, 180(8), 2699–2705. doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04030-1
Beyazgül, G., Bağ, Ö., Yurtseven, İ., Coşkunol, F., Başer, S., Çiçek, D., … Özkan, B. (2022). How Vitamin D Levels of Children Changed During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Pre-pandemic and Pandemic Periods. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology, 14(2), 188–195. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2021-10-6
Brito, L. B. B., de Araújo, D. S. M. S., & de Araújo, C. G. S. (2013). Does flexibility influence the ability to sit and rise from the floor? American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 92(3), 241–247. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3182744203
Brito, L. M. S., Boguszewski, M. C. D. S., Souza, M. T. R. D., Martins, F., Mota, J., & Leite, N. (2020). Indoor physi-cal activities, eating and sleeping habits among school adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 25, 1–6. doi: 10.12820/rbafs.25e0117
Brito, L. M. S., Lima, V. A. de, Mascarenhas, L. P., Mota, J., & Leite, N. (2021). Physical activity, eating habits and sleep during social isolation: From young adult to elderly. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Do Esporte, 27, 21–25. doi: 10.1590/1517-8692202127012020_0061
Castro-Piñero, J., Perez-Bey, A., Segura-Jiménez, V., Aparicio, V. A., Gómez-Martínez, S., Izquierdo-Gomez, R., … UP&DOWN Study Group. (2017). Cardiorespiratory Fitness Cutoff Points for Early Detection of Present and Fu-ture Cardiovascular Risk in Children: A 2-Year Follow-up Study. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(12), 1753–1762. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.09.003
Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
Corazza, P. R. P., Tadiotto, M. C., Michel, D. A., Mota, J., & Leite, N. (2019). Association between physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors and vitamin D in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Revista Brasileira de Ativi-dade Física & Saúde, 24, 1–12. doi: 10.12820/rbafs.24e0070
Corazza, P. R. P., Tadiotto, M., Menezes Junior, F., Czoczuk, M., Biscouto, T., Jesus, Í., … Leite, N. (2019). Cardi-orespiratory fitness and metabolic profile in adolescents with high sedentary behavior and low level of physical activi-ty. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 22, 84. https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA623251989&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=10979751&p=HRCA&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E70ff68a0&aty=open-web-entry
DeLuca, H. F. (2004). Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. The American Journal of Clini-cal Nutrition, 80(6 Suppl), 1689S-96S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/80.6.1689S
di Filippo, L., Frara, S., Nannipieri, F., Cotellessa, A., Locatelli, M., Rovere Querini, P., & Giustina, A. (2023). Low Vitamin D Levels Are Associated With Long COVID Syndrome in COVID-19 Survivors. The Journal of Clinical Endo-crinology and Metabolism, 108(10), e1106–e1116. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad207
Dong, Y., Pollock, N., Stallmann-Jorgensen, I. S., Gutin, B., Lan, L., Chen, T. C., … Zhu, H. (2010). Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in adolescents: Race, season, adiposity, physical activity, and fitness. Pediatrics, 125(6), 1104–1111. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-2055
Duncan, M. J., Foweather, L., Bardid, F., Barnett, A. L., Rudd, J., O’Brien, W., … Clark, C. C. T. (2022). Motor Competence Among Children in the United Kingdom and Ireland: An Expert Statement on Behalf of the Internation-al Motor Development Research Consortium. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 10(1), 7–26. doi: 10.1123/jmld.2021-0047
Duncan, M. J., Lawson, C., Walker, L. J., Stodden, D., & Eyre, E. L. J. (2017). The Utility of the Supine-to-Stand Test as a Measure of Functional Motor Competence in Children Aged 5−9 Years. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 5(3), E67. doi: 10.3390/sports5030067
Ferreira, M. J., Irigoyen, M. C., Consolim-Colombo, F., Saraiva, J. F. K., & Angelis, K. D. (2020). Vida Fisicamente Ativa como Medida de Enfrentamento ao COVID-19. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, 114, 601–602. doi: 10.36660/abc.20200235
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM® SPSS® statistics (North American edition, 5th edition; J. Seaman, Ed.). Los Angeles London New Delhi [und 3 weitere]: SAGE.
Galán-Arroyo, C., Herreruela-Jara, D., Castillo-Paredes, A., & Rojo-Ramos, J. (2024). Autoeficacia motriz, autocon-cepto e IMC en adolescentes del área de Educación Física para una salud física y mental óptima (Motor self-efficacy, self-concept and BMI in Physical Education adolescents for optimal physical and mental health). Retos, 59, 568–576. doi: 10.47197/retos.v59.106979
Gibbons, J. B., Norton, E. C., McCullough, J. S., Meltzer, D. O., Lavigne, J., Fiedler, V. C., & Gibbons, R. D. (2022). Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 19397. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24053-4
Goodway, J. D., Ozmun, J. C., & Gallahue, D. L. (2019). Understanding Motor Development: Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Houtkooper, L. B., Going, S. B., Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Van Loan, M. (1992). Bioelectrical impedance estima-tion of fat-free body mass in children and youth: A cross-validation study. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985), 72(1), 366–373. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1992.72.1.366
Jastrzębska, J., Skalska, M., Radzimiński, Ł., López Sánchez, G. F., Hill, L., Weiss, K., & Knechtle, B. (2023). Can the supplementation of vitamin D, sun exposure, and isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic affect the seasonal con-centration of 25(OH)D and selected blood parameters among young soccer players in a one-year training season? Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 20(1), 2206802. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2206802
Kidokoro, T., Tomkinson, G. R., Lang, J. J., & Suzuki, K. (2023). Physical fitness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of annual national physical fitness surveillance among 16,647,699 Japanese children and adoles-cents between 2013 and 2021. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 12(2), 246–254. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.002
Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93–101. doi: 10.1080/02640418808729800
Leite, N., Pizzi, J., Menezes Junior, F. J. de, Tadiotto, M. C., Jesus, Í. C. de, Corazza, P. R. P., … Radominski, R. B. (2022). Effect of mict and hiit on cardiometabolic risk and body composition in obese boys. Revista Brasileira de Medi-cina Do Esporte, 28, 274–280. doi: 10.1590/1517-8692202228042020_0129
Li, L., Taeihagh, A., & Tan, S. Y. (2023). A scoping review of the impacts of COVID-19 physical distancing measures on vulnerable population groups. Nature Communications, 14(1), 599. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36267-9
Lockhart, S. M., & O’Rahilly, S. (2020). When Two Pandemics Meet: Why Is Obesity Associated with Increased COVID-19 Mortality? Med (New York, N.y.), 1(1), 33–42. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2020.06.005
Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Martorell, R. (1988). Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Books.
López-Bueno, R., López-Sánchez, G. F., Casajús, J. A., Calatayud, J., Gil-Salmerón, A., Grabovac, I., … Smith, L. (2020). Health-Related Behaviors Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the Spanish Covid-19 Con-finement. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 8, 573. doi: 10.3389/fped.2020.00573
Marco, J. C. P. D., Alves, A. D., Gonzaga, I., Bim, M. A., Carminatti, L. J., Pinto, A. de A., … Pelegrini, A. (2023). Associação entre aptidão física relacionada à saúde, atividades físicas extracurriculares e adiposidade corporal em uma amostra representativa de adolescentes de Florianópolis, Brasil. Retos, 49, 1–8. doi: 10.47197/retos.v49.97245
Menezes Júnior, F. J. de, Jesus, Í. C. de, & Leite, N. (2019). Predictive equations of maximum oxygen consumption by shuttle run test in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Revista Paulista De Pediatria: Orgao Oficial Da Socieda-de De Pediatria De Sao Paulo, 37(2), 241–251. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;2;00016
Menezes-Junior, F. J. de, Jesus, Í. C. de, Mota, J., Lopes, M. de F. A., Corazza, P. R. P., Tadiotto, M. C., … Leite, N. (2020). Validation of equations to estimate the peak oxygen uptake in adolescents from 20 metres shuttle run test. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(22), 2588–2596. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1794255
Menezes-Junior, F. J., Jesus, Í. C., Brand, C., Mota, J., & Leite, N. (2022). Physical Exercise and Brain-Derived Neu-rotrophic Factor Concentration in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Pediatric Ex-ercise Science, 34(1), 44–53. doi: 10.1123/pes.2020-0207
Mirwald, R. L., Baxter-Jones, A. D. G., Bailey, D. A., & Beunen, G. P. (2002). An assessment of maturity from anthro-pometric measurements. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34(4), 689–694. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200204000-00020
Musa, S., Dergaa, I., Bachiller, V., & Saad, H. B. (2023). Global Implications of COVID-19 Pandemic on Adults’ Life-style Behavior: The Invisible Pandemic of Noncommunicable Disease. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 15. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_157_21
Nesbitt, D., Molina, S. L., Cattuzzo, M. T., Robinson, L. E., Phillips, D., & Stodden, D. (2017). Assessment of a Su-pine-to-Stand (STS) Task in Early Childhood: A Measure of Functional Motor Competence. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 5(2), 252–266. doi: 10.1123/jmld.2016-0049
Nevill, A. M., DE Menezes-Junior, F. J., DE Jesus, Í. C., DE Fatima Aguiar Lopes, M., Corazza, P. R. P., Tadiotto, M. C., … Leite, N. (2021). Predicting Cardiorespiratory Fitness Using the 20-m Shuttle Run Test: New Insights Using Nonlinear Allometry. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 53(8), 1624–1629. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002637
Ng, J., Conaway, M. R., Rigby, A. S., Priestman, A., & Baxter, P. S. (2013). Methods of standing from supine and per-centiles for time to stand and to run 10 meters in young children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 162(3), 552–556. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.08.030
Onis, M., Onyango, A. W., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Nishida, C., & Siekmann, J. (2007). Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 85(9), 660–667. doi: 10.2471/blt.07.043497
Panfili, F. M., Roversi, M., D’Argenio, P., Rossi, P., Cappa, M., & Fintini, D. (2021). Possible role of vitamin D in Covid-19 infection in pediatric population. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 44(1), 27–35. doi: 10.1007/s40618-020-01327-0
Peters, B., & Martini, L. (2014). Funções Plenamente Reconhecidas de Nutrientes Vitamina D. In Série: Funções Plenamen-te Reconhecidas de Nutrientes (Vol. 2, pp. 1–64). International Life Sciences Institute do Brasil. (https://ilsi.org/brasil/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/2016/05/artigo_vitamina_d.pdf).
Plowman, S., & Meredith, M. (2013). Fitnessgram® /Activitygram® Referencia Guia (4th ed.). Dallas, TX: The Cooper Institute. (https://fitnessgram.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/FITNESSGRAMACTIVITYGRAMReferenceGuide4thEd043015.pdf).
Raine, L. B., Erickson, K. I., Grove, G., Watrous, J. N. H., McDonald, K., Kang, C., … Hillman, C. H. (2023). Car-diorespiratory fitness levels and body mass index of pre-adolescent children and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1052389
Rundle, A. G., Park, Y., Herbstman, J. B., Kinsey, E. W., & Wang, Y. C. (2020). COVID-19 Related School Closings and Risk of Weight Gain Among Children. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 28(6), 1008–1009. doi: 10.1002/oby.22813
Sallis, J. F., & Pratt, M. (2020). Multiple benefits of physical activity during the Coronavirus pandemic. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 25, 1–5. doi: 10.12820/rbafs.25e0112
Saulle, R., Minozzi, S., Amato, L., & Davoli, M. (2021). Impact of social distancing for covid-19 on youths’ physical health: A systematic review of the literature. Recenti Prog Med, 347–359. doi: https://doi.org/10.1701/3608.35872
Silva, F. R., Junior, A. H. L., Brant, V. M., Lôbo, I. L. B., Lancha, L. O. P., Silva, A., & de Mello, M. T. (2020). The effects of COVID-19 quarantine on eating and sleeping behaviors. Nutrire, 45(2), 25. doi: 10.1186/s41110-020-00128-y
Tadiotto, M. C., Duncan, M., Mota, J., Moraes-Junior, F. B., Corazza, P. R. P., Czoczuk, M., … Leite, N. (2021). Excess adiposity and low physical fitness hamper Supine-to-Stand test performance among sedentary adolescents. Jor-nal De Pediatria, 97(6), 658–664. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2021.01.007
Tadiotto, M. C., Furtado-Alle, L., Corazza, P. R. P., Jesus, I. C., Junior, F. J. M., Brito, L. M. S., … Leite, N. (2018). Waist-Height Ratio Increase is Associated with Sedentary Behavior in Adolescents Independent of the Level of Physi-cal Activity. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 21(4), 54–66. https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=10979751&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA626122238&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs
Tuñón, I., Laíño, F., & Weisstaub, G. (2024). The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on child and adolescent active play in Argentina. Retos, 53, 208–215. doi: 10.47197/retos.v53.102272
VanSant, A. F. (1988a). Age differences in movement patterns used by children to rise from a supine position to erect stance. Physical Therapy, 68(9), 1330–1339. doi: 10.1093/ptj/68.9.1330
VanSant, A. F. (1988b). Rising from a supine position to erect stance. Description of adult movement and a developmen-tal hypothesis. Physical Therapy, 68(2), 185–192. doi: 10.1093/ptj/68.2.185
VanSant, A. F. (1990). Life-span development in functional tasks. Physical Therapy, 70(12), 788–798. doi: 10.1093/ptj/70.12.788
WHO, (WHO). (2021). Clinical management of COVID-19: Living guidance. World Health Organization. (WHO/2019-nCoV/clinical/2021.2). Retrieved from https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/j1WBYn
Yılmaz, K., & Şen, V. (2020). Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for COVID‐19 in children? Pediatric Pulmonology, 55(12), 3595–3601. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25106
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Frederico Bento de Moraes Junior, Maiara Cristina Tadiotto, Patricia Ribeiro Paes Corazza, Francisco Jose de Menezes-Junior, Caroline Brand, Jorge Mota, Neiva Leite
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
