¿El isometric mid-thigh pull está asociado con el desempeño competitivo en atletas striking de alto-rendimiento? (Is isometric mid-thigh pull associated with the competitive performance of striking high-level athletes?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.107842Palabras clave:
artes marciales, rendimiento atlético, deportista de élite, análisis y desempeño de tareasResumen
Antecedentes: La prueba isométrica de tracción a medio muslo (IMTP) se utiliza comúnmente en la evaluación del rendimiento deportivo, pero sigue siendo subutilizada entre los atletas de deportes de combate. Objetivos: evaluar si los medallistas panamericanos (PM) mostraron diferencias con otros atletas (NM) al realizar la prueba isométrica de tracción de la mitad del muslo (IMTP). Métodos: se midieron un total de 72 atletas de Karate [n=35 (♀12)] y Taekwondo [n=37 (♀15)] (22,4±3,7 años; 67,4±11,5 Kg; 1,7±0,1 m; 22,1±2,8 kg/m2). Del total, 32 atletas fueron PM de su deporte de combate específico (♀11). Todos los participantes realizaron el IMTP entre 60 y 90 días antes de la competición. Se midieron las siguientes variables: a) Impulso a 50; 100; 150 y 200 ms (N*s); b) pico de fuerza (PF) absoluta (N) y relativa (PF; N/Kg) y; c) tasa de desarrollo de fuerza (RFD) en 50; 100; 150 y 200 ms (N/s). Resultados: PM presentaron mejor desempeño de PF absoluta (2.398,5±623,1 vs. 2.096,2±559,3 N; p=0,034) y PF relativa (34,6±5,0 vs. 31,2±5,1 N/Kg; p=0,006); RFD a 150 (5.273,4±2.670,8 vs. 3.963,4±1.904,2 N/s; p=0,0018) y 200 ms (4.870,3±2.184,6 vs. 4.022,1±1.574,8 N/s; p=0,05); El PF relativo (Τ=0,249; p=0,011) y el RDF a 150 ms (Τ=0,208; p=0,033) mostraron una correlación positiva y significativa con el resultado de la competición. Conclusión: medallistas mostraron un PF y un RFD elevados a 150 y 200 ms. Además, el resultado de la competición se correlacionó con el PF y el RDF relativos a 150 ms. Con base en nuestros hallazgos, recomendamos que los entrenadores incorporen el IMTP en su rutina de evaluación para los atletas que golpean.
Palabras clave: artes marciales, rendimiento atlético, deportista de élite, análisis y desempeño de tareas.
Abstract. Background: The isometric mid-thigh pull test (IMTP) is commonly used in sports performance assessment, but it remains underutilized among combat sports athletes. Aims: to evaluate whether Pan-American medalists (PM) showed differences when compared with other athletes (NM) when performing the IMTP. Methods: a total of 72 Karate [n=35 (♀12)] and Taekwondo [n=37 (♀15)] athletes were measured (22.4±3.7 yrs.; 67.4±11.5 Kg; 1.7±0.1 m; 22.1±2.8 kg/m2). From the total, 32 athletes were PM of their specific combat sport (♀11). All participants performed the IMTP 60-90 days before the competition. The following variables were measured: a) Impulse Net at 50; 100; 150 and 200 ms (N*s); b) absolute (N) and relative peak force (PF; N/Kg) and; c) Rating of force development (RFD) at 50; 100; 150 and 200 ms (N/s). Results: PM showed a better performance on absolute (2,398.5±623.1 vs. 2,096.2±559.3 N; p=0.034) and relative PF (34.6±5.0 vs. 31.2±5.1 N/Kg; p=0.006); RFD at 150 (5,273.4±2,670.8 vs. 3,963.4±1,904.2 N/s; p=0.0018) and 200ms (4,870.3±2,184.6 vs. 4,022.1±1,574.8 N/s; p=0.05). Relative PF (Τ=0.249; p=0.011) and RDF at 150 ms (Τ=0.208; p=0.033) showed a positive and significative correlation with the competition result. Conclusion: PM showed a high PF and RFD at 150 and 200 ms. Furthermore, the competition result was correlated with relative PF and RDF at 150 ms. Based on our findings, we recommend that coaches incorporate the IMTP into their evaluation routine for striking athletes.
Keywords: martial arts, athletic performance, elite athlete, task performance and analysis.
Citas
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