Influencia de la actividad física en el equilibrio en niños: un estudio transversal

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.107203

Palabras clave:

Deportes, Equilibrio, Niño, Actividad física

Resumen

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar las diferencias en el equilibrio de los niños que realizan actividad física en comparación con los que no la realizan.

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal en población infantil (N=130). Se establecieron dos grupos de estudio: grupo sin actividad física (n=68) y grupo con actividad física (n=62). Las medidas de resultado fueron la prueba de Romberg (con los ojos abiertos y cerrados), la prueba de apoyo con una sola pierna (con los ojos abiertos y cerrados) y la prueba de superficie inestable (con los ojos abiertos y cerrados). Se valoró la habilidad y el tiempo que mantenían el equilibrio. Se empleó un intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC 95%), y todos los valores con un valor p inferior a 0,05 se consideraron estadísticamente significativos.

Resultados: La prueba t-Student reveló resultados estadísticamente significativos a favor del grupo de niños que realizaron actividad física para las medidas de la habilidad para realizar el test de Romberg con los ojos cerrados (p<0,001); habilidad para la superficie inestable con los ojos abiertos y con los ojos cerrados (p=0,03 y p<0,001 respectivamente); habilidad para el test de mantenerse en equilibrio con una pierna con los ojos abiertos y con los ojos cerrados (p<0,002 y p<0,001, respectivamente); y tiempo en apoyo con una pierna con los ojos cerrados (p<0,004).

Conclusiones: Los niños que realizan actividad física tienen una mejor capacidad para mantener el equilibrio en comparación con los niños que no realizan actividad física.

Citas

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Publicado

2025-01-28

Cómo citar

Delfa-de-la-Morena, J. M., Pinheiro Paes, P., Priscila Lima de Oliveira, D., Mijarra-Murillo, J.-J., Camarotti Júnior, F., & Riquelme-Aguado, V. (2025). Influencia de la actividad física en el equilibrio en niños: un estudio transversal. Retos, 63, 420–432. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.107203

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