El efecto de la fuerza excéntrica y la asimetría de los isquiotibiales sobre la aceleración y el rendimiento del salto vertical en jugadoras de fútbol profesionales (The Effect of Hamstring Eccentric Strength and Asymmetry on Acceleration and Vertical Jump Perfor-mance in Professional Female Soccer Players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105789Palabras clave:
Hamstring; Eccentric; Sprint; Acceleration; Vertical Jump; Football players.Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre la fuerza excéntrica de los músculos isquiotibiales y la aceleración y el salto vertical en jugadoras de fútbol profesionales. Participaron voluntariamente en el estudio vigésimas futbolistas profesionales que practicaban activamente fútbol con una edad (media aritmética ± desviación estándar) de 18,31 ± 5,97. Se utilizó el dispositivo NORDBORD para medir la producción de fuerza excéntrica de los isquiotibiales de los participantes, la estera de contacto Smartspeed™ se utilizó para el rendimiento del salto vertical y la fotocélula FUSIONSPORTS Smartspeed™ PRO (Fusion Sport, Queensland, Australia) se utilizó para Mediciones de rendimiento en sprints de 0 a 20 m. Cuando se analizó la relación entre los parámetros de fuerza excéntrica de los isquiotibiales, el salto vertical y el rendimiento de sprint de los participantes, no se encontró significancia. Se observa que existe una relación negativa entre VJ y 0-5m en un nivel moderado (r=-586, p=.022) y una relación negativa entre VJ y 0-20m en un nivel alto (r=-.793 ,p=-.000). Dado que los estudios que examinan la relación entre la fuerza de los isquiotibiales y el rendimiento en el sprint son limitados en número, no es posible llegar a una conclusión definitiva; se necesitan más estudios y más exhaustivos.
Palabras clave: Isquiotibial, Excéntrica, Sprint, Aceleración, Salto vertical, Jugadoras de futbol.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between eccentric hamstring muscle strength and acceleration and vertical jump in professional female soccer players. Twentieth professional female soccer players actively playing soccer participated in the study voluntarily with age (arithmetic mean±standard deviation) 18.31±5,97. The NORDBORD device was used to measure the participants' hamstring eccentric force output, the Smartspeed™ Contact Mat was used for vertical jump performance and the FUSIONSPORTS Smartspeed™ PRO photocell (Fusion Sport, Queensland, Australia) was used for 0-20m sprint performance measurements. When the relationship between eccentric hamstring strength parameters, vertical jump and sprint performance of the participants was analyzed, no significance was found. It is seen that there is a negative relationship between VJ and 0-5m at a moderate level (r=-586, p=.022) and a negative relationship between VJ and 0-20m at a high level (r=-.793, p=-.000). Since the studies examining the relationship between Hamstring Strength and Sprint performance are limited in number, it is not possible to reach a definite conclusion, more comprehensive and more studies are needed.
Key words: Hamstring, Eccentric, Sprint, Acceleration, Vertical Jump, Football players.
Citas
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