Efectos de 12 semanas de entrenamiento funcional y de resistencia sobre la percepción del estrés y la calidad del sueño en ancianos brasileños (Effects of 12 weeks of functional and resistance training on stress perception and sleep quality in Bra-zilian older people)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.104513Palabras clave:
Aging, Exercise Therapy, Sleep Quality, Psychological stress, Physical education.Resumen
El estudio investigó los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento funcional y de resistencia durante 12 semanas en la percepción del estrés y la calidad del sueño en adultos mayores brasilenos, con la participación de 49 sujetos. El protocolo de entrenamiento incluyó un calentamiento general, sesiones de entrenamiento de resistencia y funcional, seguidas de una fase de enfriamiento, realizadas dos veces por semana, con una duración promedio de 60 minutos durante las 12 semanas. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, bootstrapping, pruebas t y correlación de Pearson, con un nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa en el trastorno del sueño y el puntaje total de calidad del sueño después de la intervención. Los hombres inicialmente presentaron menos estrés y mejor calidad de sueño en algunos aspectos en comparación con las mujeres, mientras que los adultos mayores de entre 60 y 69 años experimentaron mejoras en la calidad del sueño en ciertos aspectos antes y después de la intervención, en comparación con los adultos mayores de 70 años o más. Además, se observó una correlación positiva entre la percepción del estrés y varios componentes de la calidad del sueño, como la calidad subjetiva, la duración y el puntaje total. En resumen, el estudio demostró que el programa de ejercicios tuvo impactos variados en la calidad del sueño, pero no en la percepción del estrés entre los adultos mayores, destacando una mejora significativa en la calidad del sueño después de la intervención.
Palabras clave: Envejecimiento. Terapia de Ejercicio. Calidad del Sueño. Estrés Psicológico. Educación Física.
Abstract. The study investigated the effects of a 12-week functional and resistance training program on the perception of stress and sleep quality in Brazilian older people, involving 49 participants. The Perceived Stress in older adults and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used. The training protocol included a general warm-up, resistance and functional training sessions, followed by a cool-down phase, held twice a week, lasting an average of 60 minutes over the 12 weeks. Data analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, bootstrapping, t-tests and Pearson correlation, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a significant reduction in sleep disturbance and total sleep quality score after the intervention. Men initially had lower stress and better sleep quality in some aspects compared to women, while older people between 60 and 69 years old had improvements in sleep quality in certain aspects before and after the intervention, compared to older people aged 70 and over. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the perception of stress and several components of sleep quality, such as subjective quality, duration and total score. In short, the study demonstrated that the exercise program had varying impacts on sleep quality, but not on the perception of stress among the older people, highlighting a significant improvement in sleep quality after the intervention.
Keywords: Aging. Exercise Therapy. Sleep Quality. Psychological stress. Physical education.
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