El entrenamiento isométrico promueve cambios en la acetilcolinesterasa y la fuerza muscular (Isometric training promotes changes in acetylcholinesterase and muscle strength)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103877Palabras clave:
Isometric Strength Training, Solear, Extensor Digitorum Longus and Enzyme.Resumen
Introducción: El entrenamiento de fuerza isométrica (EFI) es un componente importante de diferentes tipos de deportes y otras actividades de la vida diaria. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha, ningún estudio ha relacionado el entrenamiento de fuerza isométrica con cambios en la actividad de la acetilcolinesterasa (AChE). Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del EFI sobre la actividad de la AChE y la fuerza muscular. Material y Métodos: Las ratas Wistar (n =20) se dividieron en 2 grupos: Grupo Control (Ctr) (sedentario) y Grupo Entrenado (ETr) (sometido a 8 semanas de entrenamiento de fuerza isométrica). Se evaluaron la fuerza muscular y la actividad acetilcolinesterasa en el músculo soleo (SOL) y el músculo extensor largo de los dedos (ELD). Resultados: El peso corporal de los animales entrenados fue 7.39% menor (p < 0.01) y el peso de los ELD fue 25% mayor (p < 0.05) respecto a las ratas Ctr. Hubo un aumento de 30.36% de fuerza en los animales entrenados. cuarta semana (p < 0,006) y 26,41% en la octava semana de entrenamiento (p < 0,003). Además, se observó un aumento del 46,64% en la actividad de AChE en el SOL. Por el contrario, hubo una reducción del 55,36% en la actividad de la AChE en ELD. Conclusión: Nuestros hallazgos indican que el EFI con baja sobrecarga puede causar cambios bioquímicos, zoométricos y funcionales.
Palabras clave: Entrenamiento de Fuerza Isométrica, Soleo, Extensor Largo de los Dedos y Enzimas.
Abstract. Introduction: Isometric strength training (IST) is an important component of different types of sport and others activities of daily life. However, until the present moment, no studies have linked the isometric strength training with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity changes. Objective: We evaluated the effects of IST on the muscular AChE activity and strength. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats (n =20) were divided into 2 groups: Control group (Ctr) (sedentary) and trained group (Tr) (submitted to 8 weeks of Isometric strength training). The muscle strength and the acetylcholinesterase activity were evaluated in the solear (SOL) and Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) muscles. Results: The body weight of the trained animals was 7.39 % lower than in Ctr rats (p < 0.01) and the EDL weight was 25 % higher (p < 0.05) compared to Ctr. Further, an increase of 30.36 % in strength was observed in the fourth week (p < 0.006) and 26.41 % in eighth week (p < 0.003) of training. In addition, we found an increase of 46.64% in AChE activity in the SOL. In contrast, a reduction of 55.36% in AChE activity in the EDL was observed. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that biochemical, zoometric and functional changes can be evoked by IST with low overload.
Keywords: Isometric Strength Training, Solear, Extensor Digitorum Longus and Enzyme.
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