Efectos agudos del ejercicio de intensidad moderada y constante sobre los niveles circulantes de factor de crecimiento de fibroblastos 21, resistina y adiponectina de adultos jóvenes inactivos físicamente (Acute effects of moderate-intensity constant training on circulatory fibroblast growth factor 21, resis-tin, and adiponectin of physically inactive young adults)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103732Palabras clave:
Ejercicio, Comportamiento sedentario, Síndrome metabólico, Entrenamiento de resistencia, CitoquinasResumen
Introducción: la inactividad física afecta a la salud metabólica mientras que se ha observado que el ejercicio revierte estas alteraciones. El factor de crecimiento de fibroblastos (FGF) 21, la resistina y la adiponectina son citoquinas que se ven afectadas por la inactividad física y el ejercicio, sin embargo, su respuesta aguda al ejercicio en adultos jóvenes físicamente inactivos es desconocida. Por tanto, este estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar los efectos de una sesión de ejercicio de intensidad moderada y continua (MICT) sobre el FGF21, resistina y adiponectina circulante en ellos. Material y métodos: estudio cuasi-experimental donde 20 adultos jóvenes físicamente inactivos con índices de masa corporal entre 18 y 30 kg/m2 fueron reclutados. Se realizó una sesión de MICT a una intensidad del 60% de su frecuencia cardiaca de reserva por 30 minutos. Se midieron el peso, talla, circunferencias de cintura y cadera, y porcentajes de masa adiposa y muscular antes del ejercicio, y se tomaron muestras de sangre venosa antes y después del ejercicio, donde se valoró la glicemia, insulinemia, perfiles lipídicos, transaminasas, FGF21, resistina y adiponectina. Resultados: después del ejercicio disminuyeron los niveles circulantes de insulina (mediana 23.5 vs 10.9 µUI/ml; p<0.05) y FGF21 (mediana 527 vs 409 pg/ml; p<0.05). Mientras que no se observaron cambios en los niveles de resistina y adiponectina (ambos p>0.05). Conclusión: Una sesión de MICT disminuye los niveles sanguíneos de FGF21, sin modificar las concentraciones de resistina y adiponectina. Los mecanismos detrás de estos cambios necesitan ser investigados en futuros estudios.
Palabras claves: ejercicio, comportamiento sedentario, síndrome metabólico, entrenamiento de resistencia, citoquinas.
Abstract. Introduction: physical inactivity affects metabolic health, and it has been described that physical exercise is able to counter these disturbances. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, resistin, and adiponectin are known cytokines that are sensitive to physical inactivity and exercise, however, their acute behaviour after one session of exercise in physically inactive young adults is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a session of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the circulatory levels of FGF21, resistin, and adiponectin of physically inactive young adults. Material and methods: quasi-experimental study, where 20 physically inactive young adults, with body mass indexes between 18 and 30 kg/m2 were included. All performed one MICT session, with an intensity of 60% of their heart rate reserve on a treadmill for 30 minutes. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, lean and fat mass) prior to exercise, and venous blood samples were taken before and after exercise, where glycemia, insulin, lipid profiles, transaminases, FGF21, resistin, and adiponectin were assessed. Results: one MICT session decreased the circulatory levels of insulin (median 23.5 vs 10.9 µUI/ml; p<0.05) and FGF21 (median 527 vs 409 pg/ml; p<0.05). On the other hand, resistin and adiponectin levels did not change after exercise (both p>0.05). Conclusion: one MICT session decreased FGF21 plasma levels, whereas it did not modify resistin and adiponectin circulatory levels. The specific mechanisms behind this different behavior are needed to be elucidated in future studies.
Keywords: exercise, sedentary behavior, metabolic syndrome, endurance training, cytokines.
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