Relación de trastornos del sueño durante viajes competitivos con calidad de sueño, sexo y modalidad deportiva en universitarios. (Relationship of sleep disorders during competitive travels with sleep quality, sex and sports modality in university students.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103215Palabras clave:
calidad de sueño, competencia deportiva, deporte individual, disfunción diurna, rendimiento competitivoResumen
Una buena calidad de sueño (CS) es esencial para el rendimiento deportivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los componentes auto informados de la CS, sexo y modalidad deportiva y su incidencia en la percepción de trastornos del sueño durante viajes competitivos en deportistas universitarios. Una muestra por conveniencia de 96 deportistas universitarios respondió el cuestionario auto administrado del Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) vía online para identificar su CS y una pregunta sobre la ocurrencia de trastornos de sueño durante viajes competitivos. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística binario usando los componentes del ICSP y los datos sociodemográficos como predictores de experimentar trastornos del sueño en viajes competitivos. El 34.7% de los deportistas reportaron presentar trastornos de sueño durante las competencias y el 65.6% presentaron una mala CS de acuerdo a la puntuación global del ICSP (>5). Se identificó un modelo multivariado con una precisión del 82.3%, sensibilidad del 71.9% y especificidad del 87.5% para predecir trastornos de sueño durante viajes competitivos. Se concluye que, el ser mujer deportista, participar en un deporte individual y presentar una deficiente CS en los componentes de disfunción diurna, calidad subjetiva del sueño y alteraciones del sueño, son predictores de presentar trastornos del sueño durante viajes competitivos, por lo que es importante buscar estrategias con estos grupos para aminorar efectos adversos en su rendimiento competitivo.
Palabras clave: calidad de sueño, competencia deportiva, deporte individual, disfunción diurna, rendimiento competitivo.
Abstract. A good sleep quality (SQ) is essential for sports performance. The aim of the present study was to identify the self-reported components of SQ, sex and sports modality and their incidence on the perception of sleep disorders during competitive travels in university athletes. A convenience sample of 96 college athletes responded to the self-administered Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire online to identify their SQ and a question about the occurrence of sleep disorders during competitive travel. A binary logistic regression model was performed using the PSQI components and sociodemographic data as predictors of experiencing sleep disorders in competitive travel. 34.7% of the athletes reported having sleep disorders during competitions and 65.6% had a poor SQ according to the PSQI global score (>5). A multivariate model was identified with an accuracy of 82.3%, sensitivity of 71.9% and specificity of 87.5% to predict sleep disorders during competitive trips. It is concluded that being a female athlete, participating in an individual sport and presenting poor SQ in the components of daytime dysfunction, subjective sleep quality and sleep disturbances are predictors of presenting sleep disorders during competitive travels, so it is important to look for strategies with these groups to reduce adverse effects on their competitive performance.
Keywords: sleep quality, sport competition, individual sport, daytime dysfunction, competitive performance.
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