Efectividad de la crioterapia en la recuperación musculoesquelética de los artistas marciales: Revisión sistemática (Effectiveness of cryotherapy in the musculoskeletal recovery of martial artists: Systematic review)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102790

Palabras clave:

Crioterapia, Fatiga muscular, Artes marciales, MMA, Dolor.

Resumen

La recuperación de los artistas marciales mediante la inmersión del cuerpo en agua fría es un método muy utilizado para el restablecimiento de la condición física y la mejora del rendimiento. Objetivo: examinar y agrupar, de forma crítica, las principales evidencias científicas disponibles en la actualidad sobre la efectividad de la crioterapia en la recuperación de los artistas marciales. Materiales y métodos: la búsqueda se llevó a cabo en las bases de datos Pubmed, PEDro, Scielo, Scopus y Google Scholar con las palabras clave “Cryotherapy”, “Muscle fatigue”, “Martial arts” y “MMA”. Tras la búsqueda bibliográfica se seleccionaron siete artículos en total para la revisión. Las principales variables analizadas fueron: marcadores de daño y fatiga muscular, percepción de fatiga, potencia de miembros superiores y potencia de miembros inferiores. Resultados: Todos los estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y fueron clasificados en el grupo de crioterapia vs recuperación pasiva. Conclusión: existe una evidencia sólida sobre la efectividad de la crioterapia en la disminución del dolor percibido en artistas marciales. También existe una evidencia moderada de la efectividad de la crioterapia en la disminución de la concentración de ácido láctico (LDH), creatina quinasa (CK), cortisol y neopterina y en la recuperación de la fuerza.

Palabras clave: Crioterapia, Fatiga muscular, Artes marciales, MMA, Dolor.

Abstract. Recovery of martial artists by immersing their body in cold water has been a widely used method for restoring physical fitness and improving performance. Objective: to critically examine and group the main scientific evidence currently available on the effectiveness of cryotherapy in the recovery of martial artists. Materials and methods: the search was carried out in the databases Pubmed, PEDro, Scielo, Scopus and Google Scholar with the keywords "Cryotherapy", "Muscle fatigue", "Martial arts" and "MMA". After the literature search, a total of seven items were chosen for the review. The main variables analyzed were markers of muscle damage and fatigue, perception of fatigue, upper limb power and lower limb power. Results: All studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were classified in the cryotherapy vs passive recovery group. Conclusion: There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of cryotherapy in decreasing perceived pain in martial artists. There is also moderate evidence for the effectiveness of cryotherapy in decreasing lactic acid (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), cortisol and neopterin concentration and in strength recovery.

Key words: Cryotherapy, Muscle fatigue, Martial arts, MMA, Pain.

Citas

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2024-05-01

Cómo citar

Jódar Llinás, E., & Castellote Caballero, M. Y. C. C. (2024). Efectividad de la crioterapia en la recuperación musculoesquelética de los artistas marciales: Revisión sistemática (Effectiveness of cryotherapy in the musculoskeletal recovery of martial artists: Systematic review). Retos, 54, 676–691. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102790

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas