El compromiso con el deporte modifica las necesidades psicológicas: Un estudio sobre individuos que practican fitness con regularidad (Commitment to Sport Changes Psychological Needs: A Study on Individuals Who Regularly Engage in Fitness)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.102714Palabras clave:
Condición física, compromiso con el deporte, necesidades psicológicas en el deporte, ejercicio crónicoResumen
Continuar practicando deportes es tan importante como comenzar. La falta de actividad física en ciertas disciplinas deportivas puede causar problemas psicológicos. Por esta razón, este estudio busca explicar los cambios que experimentan las personas que entrenan en centros de musculación tres días a la semana durante al menos doce meses al interrumpir su programa de entrenamiento, así como mostrar la relación entre sus necesidades psicológicas deportivas y su compromiso con el deporte. El estudio examinó a 249 personas (66 mujeres y 183 hombres) que se dedicaban al ejercicio físico a través del deporte, utilizando un modelo de investigación cuantitativo y cualitativo. La investigación utilizó una escala de compromiso deportivo, una escala de necesidades psicológicas deportivas y un formulario de información personal. El análisis de contenido fue utilizado para el análisis cualitativo de los datos, mientras que el análisis cuantitativo utilizó la regresión lineal y el análisis de correlación de Pearson. Según los resultados cualitativos del estudio, los participantes experimentan sentimientos positivos al participar en el ejercicio y sentimientos negativos al no hacerlo. En el grupo estudiado, el análisis cuantitativo encontró una relación positiva, aunque débil, entre las necesidades psicológicas y la actividad deportiva. Se descubrió que los participantes disfrutan más de la vida, se sienten más capacitados y felices cuando practican deporte, mientras que cuando no dedican tiempo al deporte, se sienten vacíos e insatisfechos
Palabras clave: Condición física, compromiso con el deporte, necesidades psicológicas en el deporte, ejercicio crónic.
Abstract. It is as important to be able to continue sport as it is to start sport. In some sports branches, not practicing sports may cause some psychological problems. For this reason, this study aims to explain what changes individuals who train 3 days a week for at least 12 months in bodybuilding centers feel when they disrupt their training program and to show the relationship between their psychological needs in sports and their commitment to sports. The sample group of the study, in which quantitative and qualitative research model was used, consisted of 249 people (66 female, 183 male) who participated in sports for body development. Personal information form, open-ended questionnaire, sport psychological needs scale and sport commitment scale were used for the research. Content analysis was used in the qualitative data analysis of the study. Linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis were used for quantitative data analysis. The results of the qualitative data study show that the participants have positive emotions when they exercise and negative emotions when they do not exercise. The examination of quantitative data revealed that there was a positive weak relationship between psychological needs and sport addiction of the research group. In the study, it was concluded that the participant group enjoyed life, felt more talented, and were happy when they practiced sports, while when they did not spend time on sports, they felt a lack of time in their lives and experienced a sense of dissatisfaction.
Keywords: Fitness, Commitment to sport, psychological needs in sport, chronic exercise
Citas
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