Una escala de autopaz válida y confiable con indicadores de amor, cuidado y valentía para adolescentes consumidores de drogas (A valid and reliable self-peace scale with indicators of love, care and fearlessness for adolescent drug users)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.102567Palabras clave:
paz personal, diseño de instrumento/escala, validez, confiabilidadResumen
La paz personal es un componente crucial para que las personas/adolescentes/estudiantes vivan felices y se recuperen del consumo de drogas. Sin embargo, la paz personal no pertenece exclusivamente a las personas afectadas por el consumo de drogas o que se recuperan de ellas. Los consejeros de paz miden la paz personal como una forma del papel del consejero de adicciones en el crecimiento de la paz personal debido al uso de drogas. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar una escala de autopaz válida y confiable. El método de investigación utiliza un método mixto exploratorio secuencial a partir del proceso de análisis de datos cualitativos apoyados en datos cuantitativos. Los objetivos de la investigación fueron tres validadores expertos y N=151 sujetos entre estudiantes/individuos/adolescentes. El análisis descriptivo cualitativo compila cuadrículas y elementos de declaración y proporciona aportaciones de expertos para desarrollar la escala de paz personal. Se utilizarán análisis de datos cuantitativos de la evaluación de expertos con Aikan-V y pruebas de instrumentos con análisis factorial confirmatorio para determinar la validez y confiabilidad de la escala de paz personal. Los resultados del análisis de datos compilaron un modelo de la escala de paz (subaspectos de cariño, coraje y amor) y 12 ítems de declaración que se incluyeron en la categoría muy factible (Aikan-V ≥0.888). Validez de los ítems de declaración con 12 ítems de declaración válidos con carga factorial ≥0.5, KMO=0.793 ≥0.50, puntuación de confiabilidad 0.842 (criterios altos). Los consejeros escolares pueden utilizar evaluaciones de problemas de los estudiantes para analizar los problemas y necesidades de los estudiantes. Los consejeros, psicólogos e investigadores pueden utilizar la escala de paz personal para determinar el desarrollo de la paz personal de un individuo para recuperarse del consumo de drogas con cuatro opciones de respuesta. Los resultados del análisis se pueden aplicar a una mayor intervención en el asesoramiento para la paz.
Palabras clave: paz personal, escala, validez, confiabilidad
Abstract. Self-peace is a crucial component for individuals/teenagers/students to live happily and recover from drug use. However, self-peace isn't wholly owned by individuals affected by drug use or recovering from drugs. Peace counsellors measure self-peace as a form of the addiction counsellor's role in the growth of self-peace due to drug use. This research aims to develop a valid and reliable self-peace scale. The research method uses a sequential exploratory mixed method from the qualitative data analysis process supported by quantitative data. The research targets were three expert validators and N=151 subjects among students/individuals/adolescents. Qualitative descriptive analysis compiles grids and statement items and provides expert input in developing the self-peace scale. Quantitative data analysis from the expert assessment with Aikan-V and instrument testing with confirmatory factor analysis will be used to determine the validity and reliability of the self-peace scale. The results of the data analysis compiled a blueprint of the peace scale (sub-aspects of caring, courage and love) and 12 statement items that were included in the very feasible category (Aikan-V ≥0.888). Validity of statement items with 12 valid statement items with factor loading ≥0.5, KMO=0.793 ≥0.50, reliability score 0.842 (high criteria). School counsellors can use student problem assessments to analyze student problems and needs. Counsellors, psychologists and researchers can use the self-peace scale to determine the development of an individual's self-peace to recover from drug use with four answer choices. The analysis results can be applied to further intervention in peace counselling.
Keywords: self-peace, scale, validity, reliability
Citas
AbdAleati, N. S., Mohd Zaharim, N., & Mydin, Y. O. (2016). Religiousness and mental health: Systematic review study. Journal of Religion and Health, 55, 1929–1937. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-014-9896-1
Aguirre-Cardona, L. A., Aldana-Villalobos, K., & Rubio-Florido, I. (2024). Leisure, Work, and Study Among University Students, an Approach From a Colombian Perspective. Retos, 53, 563–570. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.102233
Al-Masud, A., & Elius, M. (2016). The Qur’anic view of interreligious dialogue and harmony. International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 18–21.
Ayre, C., & Scally, A. J. (2014). Critical Values for Lawshe’s Content Validity Ratio: Revisiting the Original Methods of Calculation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748175613513808
Baig, U., Hashmi, M. A., Ali, S. B., & Zehara, S. (2020). Exploratory Sequential Mixed Methods in Doctorate Research: Extended Application of Constructivist Grounded Theory. IBT Journal of Business Studies (JBS), 16(2).
Böhm, R., Rusch, H., & Baron, J. (2020). The psychology of intergroup conflict: A review of theories and measures. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 178, 947–962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.01.020
Bowers, V. L. (2020). Transpersonal psychology and mature happiness in the context of counseling. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 33(4), 572–582. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2019.1634518
Boyer, P. (2018). Minds make societies: How cognition explains the world humans create. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300235173
Cairo, H., Piazzini Suárez, C. E., Ríos, J., Santana, L. D., Montoya Garay, J. W., Salas Salazar, L. G., Zambrano Quintero, L., Espinosa Rico, M. A., Montoya Arango, V., Koopman, S., Salamanca, R. E., Agudelo, C., Oslender, U., & Rodríguez, F.-B. (2024). From ‘Territorial Peace’ to ‘Total Peace’ in Colombia: A Geopolitical Balance. Geopolitics, 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2023.2297941
Chakraborty, D., & Biswas, W. (2021). Think Love, Think Peace, Think Harmony: Rethinking on Industrial Tranquility. Business Perspectives and Research, 9(1), 92–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533720923506
Cooley, C. H. (2017). Human nature and the social order. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203789513
Dubois, B., & Esculier, J.-F. (2020). Soft-tissue injuries simply need PEACE and LOVE. In British journal of sports medicine (Vol. 54, Issue 2, pp. 72–73). BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101253
Eliasa, E. I., Kartadinata, S., Ilfiandra, I., & Nurihsan, J. (2019). Pedagogy of peacefulness as an effort of peaceful education at school. Indonesian Journal of Educational Counseling, 3(2), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.30653/001.201932.99
Franchuk, N., Karuk, I., Imber, V., Komarivska, N., Kazmirchuk, N., & Koval, T. (2024). Developing future primary school teachers’ communication through pedagogy of partnership. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(3), 607–615.
García-Ponce, O., Young, L. E., & Zeitzoff, T. (2023). Anger and support for retribution in Mexico’s drug war. Journal of Peace Research, 60(2), 274–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/00223433221075191
Gott, M., Robinson, J., Moeke-Maxwell, T., Black, S., Williams, L., Wharemate, R., & Wiles, J. (2019). ‘It was peaceful, it was beautiful’: A qualitative study of family understandings of good end-of-life care in hospital for people dying in advanced age. Palliative Medicine, 33(7), 793–801. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216319843026
Hirschmann, G. (2020). Cooperating with evil? Accountability in peace operations and the evolution of the United Nations Human Rights Due Diligence Policy. Cooperation and Conflict, 55(1), 22–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010836719828406
Hollin, I. L., Craig, B. M., Coast, J., Beusterien, K., Vass, C., DiSantostefano, R., & Peay, H. (2020). Reporting Formative Qualitative Research to Support the Development of Quantitative Preference Study Protocols and Corresponding Survey Instruments: Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers. The Patient - Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, 13(1), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40271-019-00401-x
Hopkins, W. G. (2017). Spreadsheets for analysis of validity and reliability. Sportscience, 21.
Ide, T., Johnson, M. F., Barnett, J., Krampe, F., Le Billon, P., Maertens, L., Von Uexkull, N., & Vélez-Torres, I. (2023). The Future of Environmental Peace and Conflict Research. Environmental Politics, 32(6), 1077–1103. https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2022.2156174
ISANBOR, P. O. (2020). Environment in the Cultures of War and Peace. OCHENDO: An African Journal of Innovative Studies, 1(1).
Jani, M. H. (2018). Values for Harmony and Peace in the Curriculum of Social Science. International Journal of Research in All Subjects in Multi Languages, 6(2), 2321–2853.
Koc, K., & Pelin Gurgun, A. (2021). Assessment of Readability Risks in Contracts Causing Conflicts in Construction Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 147(6), 04021041. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0002050
Krampe, F., Hegazi, F., & VanDeveer, S. D. (2021). Sustaining peace through better resource governance: Three potential mechanisms for environmental peacebuilding. World Development, 144, 105508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105508
Kumar, D. P. (2018). Education for a new age: New education for establishing peace and harmony in the globe. In Handbook of Research on Examining Global Peacemaking in the Digital Age (pp. 284–302). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3032-9.ch020
Kuswaya, A., & Ali, M. (2021). The concept of peace in the Qur’an: A socio-thematic analysis of Muslims’ contestation in Salatiga, Indonesia. QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies), 9(1), 73–102. https://doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v9i1.10483
McConnell, J. M., Liu, T., Brown, E. M., Fort, C. J., Azcuna, D. R., Tabiolo, C. A., Kibble, C. D., & Winslow, A. B. (2021). The Multicultural Peace and Justice Collaborative: Critical peace education in a research training environment. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 27(2), 191. https://doi.org/10.1037/pac0000539
McKeown, S., Haji, R., & Ferguson, N. (Eds.). (2016). Understanding Peace and Conflict Through Social Identity Theory: Contemporary Global Perspectives. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29869-6
Mellis, A. M., & Bickel, W. K. (2020). Mechanical Turk data collection in addiction research: Utility, concerns and best practices. Addiction, 115(10), 1960–1968. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15032
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. sage.
Mohajan, H. K. (2017). Two criteria for good measurements in research: Validity and reliability. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 17(4), 59–82. https://doi.org/10.26458/1746
Mostowlansky, T. (2020). ‘The state starts from the family’: Peace and harmony in Tajikistan’s eastern Pamirs. In Critical Approaches to Security in Central Asia (pp. 218–230). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429024023-14
Narziev, Z. (2020). The concept of jealousy in the sufi-philosofical teaching of khujviri and the problems of its training. American Journal of Social and Humanitarian Research, 1(1), 63–66.
Nasrulloh, A., Apriyanto, K. D., Yuniana, R., Dev, R. D. O., & Yudhistira, D. (2022). Developing Self Body Weight Training Methods to Improve Physical Fitness in the COVID-19 Era: Aiken Validity. Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, 49(6). https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.6.14
Nelson, L. L. (2021). Identifying determinants of individual peacefulness: A psychological foundation for peace education. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 27(2), 109. https://doi.org/10.1037/pac0000517
OLADIMEJI, A.-W. O., ABIOLA, E. D., & ADEBAJO, M. (2023). National Security and Conflict Prevention Strategies in Nigeria: The Place of Inclusive Peace Education. IJE), 43(1).
Paffenholz, T. (2018). Unpacking the local turn in peacebuilding: A critical assessment towards an agenda for future research. In The’Local Turn’in Peacebuilding (pp. 41–58). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315232263-3
Park, C. L., & Lee, S. Y. (2020). Unique effects of religiousness/spirituality and social support on mental and physical well-being in people living with congestive heart failure. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 43(4), 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00101-9
Patterson, M. W., Pivnick, L., Mann, F. D., Grotzinger, A. D., Monahan, K. C., Steinberg, L. D., Tackett, J. L., Tucker-Drob, E., & Harden, K. P. (2019). Positive risk-taking: Mixed-methods validation of a self-report scale and evidence for genetic links to personality and negative risk-taking. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bq63f
Pek, L. S., Nadarajan, N.-T. M., Khusni, H., Mee, R. W. M., Ismail, M. R., Adha, N. S. Q. S., Sama, A. E., & Arma, J. (2024). Factors contributing to learning losses among primary school children: A scoping review. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 18(3), 840–847.
Pekala, R. J. (2017). Addictions and relapse prevention. Handbook of Medical and Psychological Hypnosis: Foundations, Applications, and Professional Issues, 443–451. https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826124876.0049
Pérez, J. C. G., Rodríguez, M. S., Barrios, S. A. G., & Camacho, R. U. (2023). La Agenda 2030 y las prácticas de responsabilidad social corporativa en las federaciones deportivas colombianas. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 48, 450–460. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96804
Rassool, G. H. (2015). Islamic counselling: An introduction to theory and practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315694993
Regilme Jr, S. S. F. (2021). Visions of peace amidst a human rights crisis: War on drugs in Colombia and the Philippines. Journal of Global Security Studies, 6(2), ogaa022. https://doi.org/10.1093/jogss/ogaa022
Reimer, L. E., Schmitz, C. L., Janke, E. M., Askerov, A., Strahl, B. T., & Matyók, T. G. (2015). Transformative change: An introduction to peace and conflict studies. Lexington Books.
Russell, B. (2020). In praise of idleness: And other essays. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003059493
Salehi, M., & Williams, T. (2016). Beyond peace vs. justice: Assessing transitional justice’s impact on enduring peace using qualitative comparative analysis. Transitional Justice Review, 1(4), 4. https://doi.org/10.5206/tjr.2016.1.4.4
Santoso, M. I. (2016). The Pros and cons of the death penalty for the drug abuse in Indonesia. JL Pol’y & Globalization, 55, 43.
Santoyo-Sánchez, G., Merino-Soto, C., Flores-Hernández, S., Pelcastre-Villafuerte, B. E., & Reyes-Morales, H. (2022). Content validity of a scale designed to measure the access of older adults to outpatient health services. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10102. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610102
Saputra, W. N. E., Supriyanto, A., Astuti, B., Ayriza, Y., Adiputra, S., & Da Costa, A. (2020). Peace counseling approach (PCA) to reduce negative aggressive behavior of students. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(2), 631–637. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080236
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006). Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review. The Journal of Educational Research, 99(6), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOER.99.6.323-338
Seneca, L. A. (2016). Of Peace of Mind. FV Éditions. https://7402.org/files/seneca-peace-of-mind.pdf
Shaleh, M., Awad, F., & Rezki, A. (2022). Counseling Based on Local Wisdom for Conflict Settlement in the Workplace: A Case Study in Kendari. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 13(1), 125–142.
Shrestha, N. (2021). Factor analysis as a tool for survey analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 9(1), 4–11. https://doi.org/10.12691/ajams-9-1-2
Siegel, B. (2016). Peace, love and healing. Random House.
Sikka, P., Pesonen, H., & Revonsuo, A. (2018). Peace of mind and anxiety in the waking state are related to the affective content of dreams. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 12762. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30721-1
Sleight, A. G., Boyd, P., Klein, W. M. P., & Jensen, R. E. (2021). Spiritual peace and life meaning may buffer the effect of anxiety on physical well‐being in newly diagnosed cancer survivors. Psycho-Oncology, 30(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5533
Sun, F., Chiang, C., Lu, C., Yu, P., Liao, T., & Lan, C. (2018). Development and psychometric testing the Health of Body, Mind and Spirit Scale for assessing individuals who have drug abuse histories. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(5–6), 1038–1048. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14100
Supriyanto, A., Saputra, W., & Astuti, B. (2019). Peace guidance and counseling based on Indonesian local wisdom. 2019 Ahmad Dahlan International Conference Series on Education & Learning, Social Science & Humanities (ADICS-ELSSH 2019), 12–15. https://doi.org/10.2991/adics-elssh-19.2019.37
Supriyanto, A., & Saputra, W. N. E. (2022). Peace Education: Peace Counselling Training (PCT) to Reduce Student Aggressiveness Towards School Counsellors. ASEAN Journal of Empowering Community, 2(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.24905/ajecom/vol2issue1.19
Supriyanto, A., & Wahyudi, A. (2017). Skala karakter toleransi: Konsep dan operasional aspek kedamaian, menghargai perbedaan dan kesadaran individu. Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 7(2), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v7i2.1710
Sürücü, L., & Maslakci, A. (2020). Validity and reliability in quantitative research. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 8(3), 2694–2726. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v8i3.1540
Taherdoost, H. (2016). Validity and reliability of the research instrument; how to test the validation of a questionnaire/survey in a research. How to Test the Validation of a Questionnaire/Survey in a Research (August 10, 2016). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205040
Tahir, M., & Zubairi, S. U. (2017). Towards the role of islamic education in promoting peace and harmony in a society: An analysis. Tahdīb Al-Afkār, Research Journal of Islamic Studies, Abdul Wali Khan University, 4(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2939061
Tam, C. H., Kwok, S. I., Lo, T. W., Lam, S. H., & Lee, G. K. (2018). Hidden drug abuse in Hong Kong: From social acquaintance to social isolation. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 457. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00457
Teixeira, M. C., Gonçalo, D., Segui-Urbaneja, J., & Sesinando, A. D. (2023). Sport in the military context: A national and international analysis from the perspective of sport management. Retos, 49, 468–477. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.99280
Van Dexter, K., & Visseren-Hamakers, I. (2020). Forests in the time of peace. Journal of Land Use Science, 15(2–3), 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/1747423X.2019.1699614
Xi, J., & Lee, M. T. (2021). Inner peace as a contribution to human flourishing. Measuring Well-Being: Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Social Sciences and the Humanities, 435. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197512531.003.0016
Xi, Y., Zhou, L., & Wang, Y. (2021). The construction of positive social psychology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Exploring the relationship between social support and peace of mind through a three-wave longitudinal cross-lag study. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 631748. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631748
Zainal, S., Yunus, S., Jalil, F., & Khairi, A. (2021). The policy of local government to implement peace education at secondary school post armed conflict in Aceh Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 12(2), 377–409.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
