Realidad virtual inmersiva y su influencia en parámetros fisiológicos de personas sanas (Immersive virtual reality and its influence on physiological parameters in healthy people)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101164Palabras clave:
realidad virtual, exergaming, cortisol, frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial, voluntarios sanos, promoción de la salud, modalidades de fisioterapiaResumen
Los videojuegos activos o exergames están en auge últimamente, ya que motivan y promueven el ejercicio físico y los hábitos de vida saludables. Los programas de ejercicio con realidad virtual inmersiva (RVI) podrían compararse con programas de entrenamiento tradicionales. Un punto de partida para ello sería explorar las respuestas fisiológicas que puede generar su uso. Por tanto, el objetivo principal fue evaluar la respuesta a través de ciertos indicadores fisiológicos (frecuencia cardiaca, presión arterial y estrés) después de una exposición a un exergame RVI en una muestra de adultos sanos, y, en segundo lugar, explorar su viabilidad, seguridad y usabilidad como herramienta para facilitar el ejercicio físico. Participaron en el estudio 37 adultos sanos (22-54 años, 54,1% mujeres). Realizaron una sesión de exergaming con el hardware HTC Vive ProTM. Todos completaron la sesión de RVI sin efectos adversos significativos. Todos los parámetros fisiológicos evaluados aumentaron significativamente en relación con los niveles preintervención. En cuanto a los resultados secundarios, el esfuerzo percibido correspondió a un ejercicio de moderado a intenso (6,3±0,5/10 en la escala CR10 de Borg ), la intervención se consideró segura (1/37 informaron de una conciencia estomacal moderada en el Simulator Sickness Questionnaire), con buena usabilidad (>76% en la System Usability Scale), valorada positivamente por la muestra (0,05/4 puntuaciones de experiencia negativa en el Game Experience Questionnaire-postjuego), y el 100% de la muestra informó de una experiencia buena o muy buena y la recomendaría. Estos resultados respaldan que nuestra sesión de exergame RVI fue factible y puede compararse con una actividad física de moderada a intensa, ya que supuso un esfuerzo percibido similar con aumentos significativos de la frecuencia cardiaca, la presión arterial y los niveles de cortisol salival.
Palabras clave: terapia por exposición a realidad virtual; exergaming; cortisol; frecuencia cardiaca; presión arterial; promoción de la salud; modalidades de fisioterapia.
Abstract. Exergames is booming recent times, as they are motivating and promote physical exercise and healthy lifestyle habits. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) exercise programs could be compared to traditional training programs. A starting point for this would be to explore the physiological responses that can be generated by its use. Therefore, the main objective was to evaluate the response across certain physiological indicators (heart rate, blood pressure and stress) after an IVR exergame exposure in a sample of healthy adults, and secondarily to explore its feasibility, safety and usability as a tool to facilitate physical exercise. 37 healthy adults (22-54 years, 54.1% women) participated in the study. They carried out one exergaming session with the HTC Vive ProTM hardware. All participants completed the IVR session without significant adverse effects. All physiological parameters evaluated increased significantly in relation to pre-intervention levels. Regarding to secondary outcomes, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) corresponded to a moderate to intense exercise (6.3±0.5/10 on the CR10 Borg Scale), the intervention was considered safe (1/37 reported a moderate stomach awareness in Simulator Sickness Questionnaire), with good usability (>76% in System Usability Scale), positively valued by the sample (0.05/4 negative experience scores in Game Experience Questionnaire-post game), and 100% of the sample reported a good or very good experience and would recommend it. These findings support that our IVR exergame session was feasible and can be compared to a moderate to intense physical activity, as it involved similar RPE with significant increases in heart rate, blood pressure and salivary cortisol levels.
Keywords: virtual reality exposure therapy; exergaming; cortisol; heart rate; blood pressure; health promotion; physical therapy modalities.
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- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
