¿Puede el entrenamiento domiciliario influir en el estado de ánimo y la calidad de vida de los deportistas paralímpicos de bocha? (Can home-based training influence mood states and quality of life in Paralympic boccia athletes?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99779Palabras clave:
Deporte paralímpico, persona discapacitada, parálisis cerebral, psicología del deporte, COVID-19Resumen
Para verificar la influencia del ejercicio domiciliario y el tipo de limitación física sobre el estado de ánimo y la calidad de vida, se analizaron 34 atletas de bocha paralímpicos brasileños (con clases funcionales BC1 = 8, BC2 = 8, BC3 = 9 y BC4 = 9) de ambos sexos, con diferentes discapacidades (e.g., parálisis cerebral, cuadriplejia, poliomielitis, malformación congénita y distrofia muscular). Los cuestionarios Perfil de Estados de Ánimo y Calidad de Vida fueron enviados a través de aplicaciones en redes sociales en formato electrónico, y distribuidos en todo el país, en forma de bola de nieve. Para comparar las características típicas del ejercicio en el hogar en aislamiento social en los dominios de estado de ánimo y calidad de vida, se utilizaron la test-t independiente y la análisis Mann-Whitney. Luego, para verificar la influencia de las características del entrenamiento en casa solo en grupos específicos de atletas (con y sin parálisis cerebral/con y sin asistencia) en los dominios de estado de ánimo y calidad de vida, se realizó un análisis de covarianza. No existen diferencias relevantes entre los estados de ánimo y la calidad de vida entre las distintas demografías analizadas. Sin embargo, al controlar las comparaciones a través de las covariables de entrenamiento y la frecuencia utilizada, se verificó que la percepción de la calidad de vida en el dominio "físico" presenta diferencias significativas entre los grupos de análisis. La frecuencia de entrenamiento en cuestión puede verse potenciada por las covariables de apoyo y el tipo de discapacidad, influyendo significativamente en sus percepciones de calidad de vida.
Palabras clave: Deporte Paralímpico; Persona Discapacitada; Parálisis Cerebral; Psicología del Deporte; COVID-19.
Abstract. To verify the influence of home-based exercise and the type of physical limitation on the mood and quality of life were analyzed 34 Brazilian paralympic boccia athletes (with functional classes BC1 = 8, BC2 = 8, BC3 = 9, and BC4 = 9) of both genders, with different disabilities (e.g., cerebral palsy, quadriplegia, polio, congenital malformation, and muscular dystrophy). Profile of the Mood States and Quality of Life questionnaires were sent via apps through social media in electronic forms, and distributed throughout the country, in the shape of a snowball. To compare the typical characteristics of exercise at home in social isolation in the domains of mood state and quality of life, the independent t-test and Mann-Whitney were used. Then, to verify the influence of home training characteristics in isolation in specific groups of athletes (with and without cerebral palsy/with and without assistance) on the domains of mood state and quality of life, an analysis of covariance. No relevant differences exist between mood states and quality of life among the different demographic information analyzed. However, when controlling for comparisons through training covariates and the frequency used, it was found that the perception of quality of life under the "physical" domain presents significant differences among the analysis groups. The frequency of training in question may be enhanced by support covariates and the type of disability, significantly influencing their perceptions of quality of life.
Keywords: Paralympic Sport; People with Disabilities; Cerebral Palsy; Sports Psychology; COVID-19.
Citas
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