El papel de la retroalimentación extrínseca en el fútbol: una revisión integradora centrada en los jugadores (The role of extrinsic feedback in soccer: an integrative review focusing on players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.96839Palabras clave:
futebol; feedback; ensino; aprendizagem; treinamento.Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el panorama de las producciones científicas que investigan el papel de la retroalimentación extrínseca en el contexto de los futbolistas. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura basada en investigaciones en las bases de datos Pubmed vía MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus (Elsevier) y Scielo. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó los descriptores “soccer”, “foo-tball”, “soccer”, “feedback”, y se incluyeron artículos en inglés o portugués que presentaran uno o más descriptores en el título y/o resumen y/o en el palabras clave y tuvo como objeto de investigación en el estudio el fútbol y la retroalimentación extrínseca, con foco en el jugador, en textos completos disponibles íntegramente online. De los 853 artículos identificados después de la búsqueda, 29 artículos se incluyeron en esta revisión. Los resultados mostraron el conocimiento sobre el desempeño como el tipo de retroalimentación más analizado y las formas de proporcionar y la frecuencia de la retroalimentación como los temas de investigación más investigados. Además, las dimensiones técnica y pedagógica fueron los factores de rendimiento deportivo más analizados, siendo el uso de cuestionarios personalizados el principal instrumento para evaluar la retroalimentación extrínseca. Se concluye que la retroalimentación extrínseca, cuando se aplica a los futbolistas, es un factor que modifica su conducta y aporta beneficios a diferentes procesos de aprendizaje y desarrollo profesional.
Palabras clave: fútbol; comentario; enseñando; aprendiendo; capacitación.
Abstract. The present study aimed to analyze the panorama of scientific productions investigating the role of extrinsic feedback in the context of soccer players. An integrative literature review was performed based on a search in Pubmed databases via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus (Elsevier) and Scielo. The search strategy included the descriptors “soccer”, “football”, “futebol”, “feedback”, and articles in English or Portuguese were included that presented one or more descriptors in the title and/or abstract and/or in the keywords and had soccer and extrinsic feedback as the object of investigation in the study, focusing on the player, in full texts available in full online. Of the 853 articles identified after the search, 29 articles were included in this review. The results showed knowledge of performance as the most analyzed type of feedback and the forms of supply and frequency of feedback as the most investigated research topics. In addition, the technical and pedagogical dimensions were the most analyzed sports performance factors, with the use of customized questionnaires as the main instrument used to evaluate the extrinsic feedback. We concluded that extrinsic feedback, when applied to soccer players and/or coaches, is a factor that modifies their behavior and brings benefits to different processes of learning and professional development.
Keywords: soccer; feedback; teaching; learning; training.
Citas
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- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
