Árbitro asistente de vídeo en el fútbol: una revisión del alcance (Video Assistant Referee in soccer: A Scoping Review)

Autores/as

  • Magna Leilane da Silva Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
  • Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho 
  • Leandro de Lima e Silva 
  • Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes 
  • Maria Preciado 
  • Daniel Bruno Vieira de Andrade Barreira 
  • Jorge Manuel Gomes Campaniço 

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.95409

Palabras clave:

Deporte, fútbol, Toma de decisiones, VAR

Resumen

El Vídeo Asistente de Árbitro (VAR) es una tecnología que está cambiando el comportamiento de árbitros, jugadores, directivos y aficionados en el fútbol. Esta revisión de alcance mapeó los estudios sobre el uso del VAR en el fútbol. En noviembre de 2020 se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos electrónicas utilizando Medline/PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Fueron elegibles los estudios que analizaron árbitros de campo o asistentes de video y abordaron el fútbol de campo profesional. Se extrajeron y resumieron las características de los estudios. Una búsqueda inicial encontró 346 títulos potencialmente relevantes; seis de ellos siguieron todos los criterios de elegibilidad y proporcionaron información sobre el VAR en competiciones de fútbol masculino de alto rendimiento celebradas en 18 países. Hubo una multiplicidad de variables analizadas en los estudios primarios, principalmente enfoques cuantitativos de los efectos del VAR en los parámetros del juego, como sigue: proceso de toma de decisiones (n=4), tiempo de juego (n=3); metas (n=5); fuera de juego (n=4); solicitud de tarjeta amarilla y roja (n=3); faltas (n=2); sanciones (n=3); e incidencias del VAR (n=2). En general, los estudios primarios han indicado que el VAR puede mejorar significativamente la precisión en la toma de decisiones de los árbitros, además de haber tenido una influencia positiva en el resultado del juego. Sin embargo, se han observado algunos aspectos negativos, como una reducción del tiempo efectivo de juego y una formación limitada de los árbitros. Los estudios sobre el VAR en el fútbol aún se encuentran en sus primeras etapas y se destacaron las prioridades de investigación para ayudar a futuras investigaciones y prácticas sobre el VAR en el fútbol.

Palabras clave: Deporte, Fútbol, ​​Fútbol, ​​Toma de Decisiones, “Técnicas y Procedimientos Video-Asistidos”

Abstract. The Video Assistant Referee (VAR) is a technology that is changing the behavior of referees, players, managers, and fans in soccer. This scoping review mapped the studies on the use of VAR in soccer. An electronic database searching was performed in November 2020 using Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that analyzed field referees or video assistants and addressed professional field soccer were eligible. Studies’ characteristics were extracted and summarized. An initial search found 346 potentially relevant titles; six of them followed all eligibility criteria, providing information on VAR in high-performance men’s soccer competitions held in 18 countries. There was a multiplicity of variables analyzed in the primary studies, mainly quantitative approaches of the VAR effects on game parameters, as follows: Decision-making process (n=4), game time (n=3); goals (n=5); offside (n=4); yellow and red card application (n=3); fouls (n=2); penalties (n=3); and VAR incidents (n=2). In general, primary studies have indicated that VAR can significantly enhance the accuracy of referees' decision-making, as well as having had a positive influence on the game's outcome. However, some negative aspects have been observed, such as a reduction in effective playing time and limited training for referees. Studies on VAR in soccer are still in their initial stages, and research priorities were highlighted to help future research and practice on VAR in soccer.

Keywords: Sport, Soccer, Football, Decision Making, "Video-Assisted Techniques and Procedures"

Biografía del autor/a

Valter Cordeiro Barbosa Filho 

Post-graduate Program in Collective Health, Ceará State University, Fortaleza, Brazil +55 48 3721-9000 

 

 

Leandro de Lima e Silva 

Post-graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 

Exercise and Sports Laboratory (LABeS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 

 

 

 

Rodolfo de Alkmim Moreira Nunes 

Post-graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 

Exercise and Sports Laboratory (LABeS), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  

 

Maria Preciado 

Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; 

Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171 

08035 Barcelona 

 

 

 

Daniel Bruno Vieira de Andrade Barreira 

Center of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), 

Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; 

Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, Porto, Portugal 

 

 

 

Jorge Manuel Gomes Campaniço 

University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; 

Quinta de Prados,Vila Real, Portugal 

 

 

 

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Publicado

2023-09-15

Cómo citar

Leilane da Silva, M., Barbosa Filho , V. C. ., de Lima e Silva , L., Moreira Nunes , R. de A. ., Preciado , M. ., Vieira de Andrade Barreira , D. B. ., & Gomes Campaniço , J. M. . (2023). Árbitro asistente de vídeo en el fútbol: una revisión del alcance (Video Assistant Referee in soccer: A Scoping Review). Retos, 50, 1163–1171. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.95409

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Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis