Análisis de las demandas de Sprint en competición por puestos específicos en el rugby 7 femenino (Analysis of the Sprint demands during competition by playing positions in women’s rugby 7)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.74075

Palabras clave:

Velocidad máxima, puestos específicos, competición, GPS, Maximum speed, playing positions, competition, (Maximum speed, playing positions, competition, GPS)

Resumen

Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las manifestaciones de sprint, la capacidad de repetir sprint y las posibles diferencias entre los periodos de juego de jugadoras de rugby 7, teniendo en cuenta su puesto específico de juego. Fueron monitorizadas 21 jugadoras (edad 21.2 ± 2.4) agrupadas por puestos específicos: delanteras (n=9; 166.3 ± 12.6 cm; 65.4 ± 7.2 kg) y línea ¾ (n=12; 163.4 ± 9.8cm; 61.7 ± 4.1 kg) en torneos de competición oficial, utilizando un sistema de posicionamiento global (GPS). Para determinar un sprint se consideró umbral individualizado del 61% de la velocidad máxima de cada jugadora. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias significativas al analizar los grupos de jugadoras (p <.05), en la velocidad máxima (27.0 ± 2.10 vs 24.7 ±1.65), en velocidad máxima en competición (25.9 ± 2.34 vs 21.9 ± 2.59), umbral de sprint (16.4 ± 1.29 vs 15.0 ± 1.0), número de sprint (6.83 ± 1.88 vs 4.54 ± 1.44), distancia recorrida a sprint (166.0 ± 15.64 vs 135 ± 13.94) y sprint repetidos (1.82 ± .76 vs 1.11 ± .31). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos periodos de juego (p <.05), observándose una disminución considerable en el segundo tiempo de la velocidad máxima en competición, el número de sprints, distancia recorrida a sprint y sprints repetidos. Podemos concluir que el uso de umbrales relativos incrementa el registro del número de sprint. Las diferencias por puestos específicos puede ayudarnos a una mejor comprensión de las demandas de competición y optimizar la planificación del entrenamiento.

Abstract. The aim of this study is to analyze sprint demands, the ability to repeat sprints and the possible differences between the playing periods of rugby-7 players, considering their playing position. A total of 21 players (age 21.2 ± 2.4) grouped by specific positions (forwards: n = 9; 166.3 ± 12.6 cm; 65.4 ± 7.2 kg; and backs :n = 12; 163.4 ± 9.8cm; 61.7 ± 4.1 kg) were monitored in official competition tournaments, using a global positioning system (GPS). To determine a sprint, an individual threshold of 61% of the maximum speed of each player was considered. The results show that, when analyzing the group of players (p <.05), there are significant differences in the maximum speed (27.0 ± 2.10 vs 24.7 ± 1.65), in maximum speed in competition (25.9 ± 2.34 vs 21.9 ± 2.59), threshold of sprint (16.4 ± 1.29 vs 15.0 ± 1.0), sprint number (6.83 ± 1.88 vs 4.54 ± 1.44), distance traveled to sprint (166.0 ± 15.64 vs 135 ± 13.94), and repeated sprint (1.82 ± .76 vs. 1.11 ± .31). Significant differences were found between both periods of play (p <.05), observing a considerable decrease of the maximum speed in competition, the number of sprints, distance traveled to sprints, and repeated sprints during the second half. The use of relative thresholds increases the number of sprints. The differences in playing positions can help us to better understand the demands of competition and optimize training planning.

Biografía del autor/a

Javier Galvez Gonzalez , Universidad Pablo de Olavide

Profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte.

Departamento de Deporte e Informática.

Doctor.

Citas

Agar-Newman, D. J., Goodale, T. L., & Klimstra, M. D. (2017). Anthropometric and physical qualities of international level female rugby sevens athletes based on playing position. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(5), 1346–1352. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001167

Al Haddad, H., Simpson, B. M., Buchheit, M., Di Salvo, V., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2015). Peak match speed and maximal sprinting speed in young soccer players: Effect of age and playing position. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(7), 888–896. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0539

Austin, D., Gabbett, T., & Jenkins, D. (2011). Repeated high-intensity exercise in professional rugby union. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(10), 1105–1112. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.582508

Barkell, J. F., O’Connor, D., & Cotton, W. G. (2017). Situational coupling at the ruck and its effects on phase momentum and success in international men’s and women’s rugby sevens. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(2), 294–306. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.122.06

Blair, M. R., Body, S. F., & Croft, H. G. (2017). Relationship between physical metrics and game success with elite rugby sevens players. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 17(4), 418–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2017.1348060

Buchheit, M., Mendez-villanueva, A., Simpson, B. M., & Bourdon, P. C. (2010). Repeated-sprint sequences during youth soccer matches. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(10), 709–716. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1261897

Clarke, A. C., Anson, J. M., & Pyne, D. B. (2017). Game movement demands and physical profiles of junior, senior and elite male and female rugby sevens players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(8), 727–733. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1186281

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 2nd edn. Erlbaum Associates,.

den Hollander, S., Brown, J., Lambert, M., Treu, P., & Hendricks, S. (2016). Skills associated with line breaks in elite rugby union. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 15(3), 501–508. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27803629

Duthie, G. M., Pyne, D. B., Marsh, D. J., & Hooper, S. L. (2006). Sprint patterns in rugby union players during competition. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(1), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-16784.1

Duthie, G. M., Pyne, D., & Hooper, S. (2005). Time motion analysis of 2001 and 2002 super 12 rugby. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(5), 523–530. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410410001730188

Gabbett, T. J. (2015). Use of relative speed zones increases the high-speed running performed in team sport match play. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(12), 3353–3359. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001016

Goodale, T. L., Gabbett, T. J., Stellingwerff, T., Tsai, M.-C., & Sheppard, J. M. (2016). Relationship between physical qualities and minutes played in international women’s rugby sevens. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(4), 489–494. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0509

Goodale, T. L., Gabbett, T. J., Tsai, M.-C., Stellingwerff, T., & Sheppard, J. (2017). The effect of contextual factors on physiological and activity profiles in international women’s rugby sevens. International Journal of Sports Physiology & Performance, 12(3), 370–376.

Higham, D. G., Pyne, D. B., Anson, J. M., Hopkins, W. G., & Eddy, A. (2016). Comparison of activity profiles and physiological demands between international rugby sevens matches and training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(5), 1287–1294. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSC.0000000000000212

Hodun, M., Clarke, R., De Ste Croix, M. B. A., & Hughes, J. D. (2016). Global positioning system analysis of running performance in female field sports: a review of the literature. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 38(2), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000200

Jennings, D., Cormack, S., Coutts, A. J., Boyd, L. J., & Aughey, R. J. (2010). Variability of GPS units for measuring distance in team sport movements. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 5(4), 565–569. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21266740

Jiménez-Reyes, P., Cross, M., Ross, A., Samozino, P., Brughelli, M., Gill, N., & Morin, J.-B. (2019). Changes in mechanical properties of sprinting during repeated sprint in elite rugby sevens athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 19(5), 585–594. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1542032

Lacome, M., Peeters, A., Mathieu, B., Bruno, M., Christopher, C., & Piscione, J. (2019). Can we use GPS for assessing sprinting performance in rugby sevens? A concurrent validity and between-device reliability study. Biology of Sport, 36(1), 25–29.

Leal-Cussaria, J. A., Ortega-Gálvez, M. J., Porras-Alvarez, J., & Galvez-Gonzalez, J. (2019). Demandas físicas y fisiológicas en el Hockey hierba femenino: diferencias entre los tiempos de juego. Retos, 35, 273–277.

Malone, S., Earls, M., Shovlin, A., Eddy, A., & Winkelman, N. (2018). Match-play running performance and exercise intensity in elite international women’s rugby sevens. Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research, In press. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002547

Meir, R. (2012). Training for and competing in sevens rugby: practical considerations from experience in the International Rugby Board World Series. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 34(4), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31825105ed

Murray, N. B., Gabbett, T. J., & Townshend, A. D. (2018). The use of relative speed zones in australian football: Are we really measuring what we think we are? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13(4), 442–451. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0148

Núñez-Sánchez, F. J., Toscano-Bendala, F. J., Campos-Vázquez, M. A., & Suarez-Arrones, L. J. (2017). Individualized speed threshold to analyze the game running demands in soccer players using GPS technology. Retos, 32, 130–133. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/52871

Núñez, F. J., Toscano-Bendala, F. J., Suarez-Arrones, L., Martínez-Cabrera, F. I., & De Hoyo, M. (2018). Individualized speed thresholds to analyze acceleration demands in soccer players using GPS. Retos; Núm. 35 (2019), 32, 130–133. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/article/view/60402

Ortega-Gálvez, M. J., Cabezas-Ramos, D., & Gálvez-González, J. (2019). Cuantificación de las demandas de carrera en hockey hierba femenino mediante el uso de umbrales individualizados. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte, 15(56), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05601

Portillo, J., González-Ravé, J. M., Juárez, D., García, J. M., Suárez-Arrones, L., & Newton, R. U. (2014). Comparison of running characteristics and heart rate response of international and national female rugby sevens players during competitive matches. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(8), 2281–2289. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000393

Reardon, C., Tobin, D. P., & Delahunt, E. (2015). Application of individualized speed thresholds to interpret position specific running demands in elite professional rugby union: A GPS study. PLoS ONE, 10(7), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133410

Ross, A., Gill, N., & Cronin, J. (2014). Match analysis and player characteristics in rugby sevens. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 44(3), 357–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0123-0

Ross, A., Gill, N., & Cronin, J. (2015). The match demands of international rugby sevens. Journal of Sports Sciences, 33(10), 1035–1041. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.979858

Schuster, J., Howells, D., Robineau, J., Couderc, A., Natera, A., Lumley, N., Gabbett, T. J., & Winkelman, N. (2018). Physical-preparation recommendations for elite rugby sevens performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13(3), 255–268. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0728

Scott, M. T. U., Scott, T. J., & Kelly, V. G. (2016). The validity and reliability of global positioning systems in team sport: a brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(5), 1470–1490. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001221

Smart, D., Hopkins, W. G., Quarrie, K. L., & Gill, N. (2014). The relationship between physical fitness and game behaviours in rugby union players. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(sup1), S8–S17. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2011.635812

Suarez-Arrones, L., Arenas, C., López, G., Requena, B., Terrill, O., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2014). Positional differences in match running performance and physical collisions in men rugby sevens. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 9(2), 316–323. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0069

Suarez-Arrones, L., Nuñez, F. J., Portillo, J., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2012). Match running performance and exercise intensity in elite female rugby sevens. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(7), 1858–1862. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318238ea3e

Suarez-Arrones, L., Núñez, J., De Villareal, E. S., Gálvez, J., Suarez-Sanchez, G., & Munguía-Izquierdo, D. (2016). Repeated-high-intensity-running activity and internal training load of elite rugby sevens players during international matches: a comparison between halves. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(4), 495–499. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0523

Suarez-Arrones, L., Portillo, J., Pareja-Blanco, F., De Villareal, E. S., Sánchez-Medina, L., Munguía-Izquierdo, D. (2014). Match-play activity profile in elite women’s rugby union players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(2), 452–458. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182999e2b

Sweeting, A. J., Cormack, S. J., Morgan, S., & Aughey, R. J. (2017). When is a sprint a sprint? A review of the analysis of team-sport athlete activity profile. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, 432. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00432

Vescovi, J., & Goodale, T. (2015). Physical demands of women’s rugby sevens matches: female athletes in motion (FAiM) study. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(11), 887–892. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1548940

Wheeler, K. W., & Sayers, M. G. L. (2011). Rugby union contact skills alter evasive agility performance during attacking ball carries. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 6(3), 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.6.3.419

Zabaloy, S., Giraldez, J., Gazzo, F., Villaseca-vicuña, R., & Galvez-Gonzalez, J. (2020). In-season assesment of sprint speed and sprint momentum in rugby players according to the age and playing position. Journal of Human Kinetics, In press.

Descargas

Publicado

2021-01-01

Cómo citar

Rodríguez Baena, J., & Galvez Gonzalez, J. (2021). Análisis de las demandas de Sprint en competición por puestos específicos en el rugby 7 femenino (Analysis of the Sprint demands during competition by playing positions in women’s rugby 7). Retos, 39, 46–51. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.74075

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a