Desarrollo psicomotor de niños y niñas prematuros (as) por síndromes hipertensivos del embarazo y por otras causas

Autores/as

  • Isabel Cuevas Laboratorio de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8685-1998
  • Martina Valencia Narbona Laboratorio de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
  • Hanns de la Fuente Instituto de Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2564-8770
  • Andrea González Laboratorio de Neurociencias aplicadas, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5003-7109

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v64.109703

Palabras clave:

alteraciones del desarrollo psicomotor, recién nacidos prematuros, síndromes hipertensivos del embarazo, niños, niñas

Resumen

Introducción: Los síndromes hipertensivos del embarazo (SHE) son una de las complicaciones más frecuentes y se asocian a retraso del crecimiento intrauterino, lo que podría provocar alteraciones del desarrollo psicomotor específicas y diferentes de otras causas de prematuridad. Objetivo: (i) comparar el desarrollo psicomotor de niños y niñas prematuros nacidos de madres con SHE y por otras causas (NO-SHE) y (ii) relacionar las características del nacimiento con el desarrollo psicomotor. Sujetos y método: 56 niños prematuros fueron divididos en 2 grupos: hijos (as) de madres SHE (n=28) y NO-SHE (n= 28). Se evaluaron sus características generales (peso al nacer, talla, perímetro cefálico, edad gestacional, tipo de parto). Un evaluador experto aplicó la Escala de Desarrollo Infantil Bayley, tercera edición (BSID III) para determinar el desarrollo psicomotor. Resultados: SHE presentaron menor peso al nacer (p=0,021), nacieron principalmente por cesárea (p=0,005) y presentaron más casos de enfermedad de membrana hialina (p=0,049). En BSID III, los hijos e hijas de madres SHE tienen puntuaciones más bajas en habilidades motoras finas (p=0,037) y comportamiento adaptativo (p=0,047). En SHE existe una relación directa y moderada entre la comunicación expresiva y el peso al nacer (r=0,411; p=0,030) y con el perímetro cefálico (r=0,392; p=0,039). Conclusión: SHE tiene efectos diferenciados en el desarrollo psicomotor de los niños y niñas prematuros, lo que se manifiesta en puntuaciones más bajas en el área de motricidad fina y conducta adaptativa. Además, un mayor peso y circunferencia craneana al nacer se asocian con mejores puntuaciones en comunicación expresiva en este grupo.

Citas

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force. (2013). Hypertension in Pregnancy: Executive Summary. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 122(5), 1122-1131. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000437382.03963.88

Barron, A., McCarthy, C. M., & O’Keeffe, G. W. (2021). Preeclampsia and Neurodevelopmental Out-comes: Potential Pathogenic Roles for Inflammation and Oxidative Stress? Molecular Neurobi-ology, 58(6), 2734-2756. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-021-02290-4

Bayley, N. (2012). Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition [Dataset]. https://doi.org/10.1037/t14978-000

Boardman, J. P., & Counsell, S. J. (2020). Invited Review: Factors associated with atypical brain devel-opment in preterm infants: insights from magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 46(5), 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1111/nan.12589

Böhm, S., Curran, E. A., Kenny, L. C., O’Keeffe, G. W., Murray, D., & Khashan, A. S. (2019). The Effect of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy on the Risk of ADHD in the Offspring. Journal of Attention Disorders, 23(7), 692-701. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054717690230

Bokslag, A., Van Weissenbruch, M., Mol, B. W., & De Groot, C. J. M. (2016). Preeclampsia; short and long-term consequences for mother and neonate. Early Human Development, 102, 47-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.09.007

Brand, J. S., Lawlor, D. A., Larsson, H., & Montgomery, S. (2021). Association Between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Offspring. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(6), 577. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.6856

Caesar, R. A., Boyd, R. N., Cioni, G., Ware, R. S., Doherty, J., Jackson, M. P., Salthouse, K. L., Colditz, P. B., & PREMTiME Study Group. (2023). Early detection of developmental delay in infants born very preterm or with very low birthweight. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 65(3), 346-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.15381

Cairney, J., Veldhuizen, S., & Szatmari, P. (2010a). Motor coordination and emotional–behavioral prob-lems in children. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 23(4), 324-329. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e32833aa0aa

Cairney, J., Veldhuizen, S., & Szatmari, P. (2010b). Motor coordination and emotional–behavioral prob-lems in children. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 23(4), 324-329. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0b013e32833aa0aa

Campbell, W. N., Missiuna, C., & Vaillancourt, T. (2012). Peer victimization and depression in children with and without motor coordination difficulties. Psychology in the Schools, 49(4), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21600

Casado Gómez, C., Moya Maya, A., & Corrales González, A. (2019). The very premature newborn: Diffi-culties in the school. Enfermería Global, 18(3), 554-578. https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.18.3.347121

Çeli̇K, P., Ayranci Sucakli, İ., & Yakut, H. İ. (2020). Which Bayley-III cut-off values should be used in different developmental levels? TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 50(4), 764-770. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-1910-69

Chen, G., Ishikuro, M., Ohseto, H., Murakami, K., Noda, A., Shinoda, G., Orui, M., Obara, T., & Kuriyama, S. (2024). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, neonatal outcomes and offspring developmen-tal delay in Japan: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three‐Generation Cohort Study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 103(6), 1192-1200. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14820

Chen, Z., Li, R., Liu, H., Duan, J., Yao, C., Yang, R., Zhang, Y., Qiu, L., Xiong, C., Zhou, J., & Zhang, B. (2020). Impact of maternal hypertensive disorders on offspring’s neurodevelopment: A longi-tudinal prospective cohort study in China. Pediatric Research, 88(4), 668-675. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-0794-9

Cheng, S.-W., Chou, H.-C., Tsou, K.-I., Fang, L.-J., & Tsao, P.-N. (2004). Delivery before 32 weeks of ges-tation for maternal pre-eclampsia: Neonatal outcome and 2-year developmental outcome. Ear-ly Human Development, 76(1), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2003.10.004

Curran, E. A., O’Keeffe, G. W., Looney, A. M., Moloney, G., Hegarty, S. V., Murray, D. M., Khashan, A. S., & Kenny, L. C. (2018). Exposure to Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Increases the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Affected Offspring. Molecular Neurobiology, 55(7), 5557-5564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-017-0794-x

Dang, F., Croy, B., Stroman, P., & Figueiró-Filho, E. (2016). Impacts of Preeclampsia on the Brain of the Offspring. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics, 38(08), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1584515

Davis, B. E., Leppert, M. O., German, K., Lehmann, C. U., Adams-Chapman, I., COUNCIL ON CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES, Noritz, G., Agrawal, R., Foster, J. E. A., Fremion, E., Frierson, S., Melicosta, M., Saunders, B. S., Srivastava, S., Stille, C., Vargus-Adams, J., Zuckerman, K., Kuo, D. Z., Brosco, J., … Couto, J. (2023). Primary Care Framework to Monitor Preterm Infants for Neurodevelop-mental Outcomes in Early Childhood. Pediatrics, 152(1), e2023062511. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-062511

Dayan, N., Abdelmageed, W., Lapointe, A., Brown, R., Gorgos, A., Luu, T. M., Beltempo, M., & Altit, G. (2023). Association Between Maternal Hypertension and Infant Neurodevelopment in Extremely Preterm Infants. In Review. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3308151/v1

Del Rosario, C., Slevin, M., Molloy, E. J., Quigley, J., & Nixon, E. (2021). How to use the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education & Practice Edi-tion, 106(2), 108-112. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-319063

Erskine, N., Barratt, J., & Cairney, J. (2024). Paediatric motor difficulties and internalising problems: An integrative review on the environmental stress hypothesis. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 12, 1320338. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2024.1320338

Escudero, C., Celis, C., Saez, T., San Martin, S., Valenzuela, F. J., Aguayo, C., Bertoglia, P., Roberts, J. M., & Acurio, J. (2014). Increased placental angiogenesis in late and early onset pre-eclampsia is as-sociated with differential activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Placenta, 35(3), 207-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2014.01.007

Ge, J., Gu, X., Jiang, S., Yang, L., Li, X., Jiang, S., Jia, B., Chen, C., Cao, Y., Lee, S., Zhao, X., Ji, Y., & Zhou, W. (2023). Impact of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on neonatal outcomes among infants born at 24+0–31+6 weeks’ gestation in China: A multicenter cohort study. Frontiers in Pediat-rics, 11, 1005383. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2023.1005383

González-Rojas, A., & Valencia-Narbona, M. (2024). Neurodevelopmental Disruptions in Children of Preeclamptic Mothers: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences. International Jour-nal of Molecular Sciences, 25(7), 3632. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073632

Grace, T., Bulsara, M., Pennell, C., & Hands, B. (2014). Maternal hypertensive diseases negatively affect offspring motor development. Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Women’s Cardiovascular Health, 4(3), 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2014.04.003

Grace, T., Bulsara, M., Robinson, M., & Hands, B. (2016). Early life events and motor development in childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal study. Acta Paediatrica, 105(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13302

Gumusoglu, S. B., Chilukuri, A. S. S., Hing, B. W. Q., Scroggins, S. M., Kundu, S., Sandgren, J. A., Santillan, M. K., Santillan, D. A., Grobe, J. L., & Stevens, H. E. (2021). Altered offspring neurodevelopment in an arginine vasopressin preeclampsia model. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01205-0

Hands, B., Kendall, G., Larkin, D., & Parker, H. (2009a). Perinatal Risk Factors for Mild Motor Disability. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 56(4), 317-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120903306533

Hands, B., Kendall, G., Larkin, D., & Parker, H. (2009b). Perinatal Risk Factors for Mild Motor Disability. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 56(4), 317-331. https://doi.org/10.1080/10349120903306533

Heikura, U., Hartikainen, A., Nordström, T., Pouta, A., Taanila, A., & Järvelin, M. (2013). Maternal Hy-pertensive Disorders during Pregnancy and Mild Cognitive Limitations in the Offspring. Paedi-atric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 27(2), 188-198. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12028

Huang, B., Wang, Y., Jiang, Y., Lv, H., Jiang, T., Qiu, Y., Lu, Q., Du, J., Lin, Y., & Ma, H. (2023). Association of maternal hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with infant neurodevelopment. The Journal of Biomedical Research, 37(6), 479. https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.37.20230074

Ives, C. W., Sinkey, R., Rajapreyar, I., Tita, A. T. N., & Oparil, S. (2020). Preeclampsia—Pathophysiology and Clinical Presentations. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76(14), 1690-1702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.08.014

Katsuki, S., Ushida, T., Kidokoro, H., Nakamura, N., Iitani, Y., Fuma, K., Imai, K., Nakano-Kobayashi, T., Sato, Y., Hayakawa, M., Natsume, J., Kajiyama, H., & Kotani, T. (2021). Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and alterations in brain metabolites in preterm infants: A multi-voxel proton MR spectroscopy study. Early Human Development, 163, 105479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105479

Kay, V. R., Rätsep, M. T., Figueiró-Filho, E. A., & Croy, B. A. (2019). Preeclampsia may influence off-spring neuroanatomy and cognitive function: A role for placental growth factor†. Biology of Reproduction, 101(2), 271-283. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz095

Kong, L., Chen, X., Liang, Y., Forsell, Y., Gissler, M., & Lavebratt, C. (2022). Association of Preeclampsia and Perinatal Complications With Offspring Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders. JAMA Network Open, 5(1), e2145719. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.45719

Lahti-Pulkkinen, M., Girchenko, P., Tuovinen, S., Sammallahti, S., Reynolds, R. M., Lahti, J., Heinonen, K., Lipsanen, J., Hämäläinen, E., Villa, P. M., Kajantie, E., Laivuori, H., & Räikkönen, K. (2020). Maternal Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders and Mental Disorders in Children. Hypertension, 75(6), 1429-1438. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14140

Lara, E., Acurio, J., Leon, J., Penny, J., Torres-Vergara, P., & Escudero, C. (2018). Are the Cognitive Al-terations Present in Children Born From Preeclamptic Pregnancies the Result of Impaired An-giogenesis? Focus on the Potential Role of the VEGF Family. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1591. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01591

Lingam, R., Jongmans, M. J., Ellis, M., Hunt, L. P., Golding, J., & Emond, A. (2012). Mental Health Difficul-ties in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder. Pediatrics, 129(4), e882-e891. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1556

Maher, G. M., O’Keeffe, G. W., Dalman, C., Kearney, P. M., McCarthy, F. P., Kenny, L. C., & Khashan, A. S. (2020). Association between preeclampsia and autism spectrum disorder: A population‐based study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(2), 131-139. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13127

Many, A., Fattal, A., Leitner, Y., Kupferminc, M. J., Harel, S., & Jaffa, A. (2003). Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Assessment of Children Born Growth Restricted to Mothers with and Without Preeclampsia. Hypertension in Pregnancy, 22(1), 25-29. https://doi.org/10.1081/PRG-120016791

Marins, L. R., Anizelli, L. B., Romanowski, M. D., & Sarquis, A. L. (2019a). How does preeclampsia affect neonates? Highlights in the disease’s immunity. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medi-cine, 32(7), 1205-1212. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1401996

Marins, L. R., Anizelli, L. B., Romanowski, M. D., & Sarquis, A. L. (2019b). How does preeclampsia affect neonates? Highlights in the disease’s immunity. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medi-cine, 32(7), 1205-1212. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2017.1401996

Martikainen, A. (1989). Growth and development at the age of 1.5 years in children with maternal hy-pertension. Jpme, 17(4), 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1515/jpme.1989.17.4.259

McGowan, E. C., Hofheimer, J. A., O’Shea, T. M., Carter, B. S., Helderman, J., Neal, C. R., Pastyrnak, S., Smith, L. M., Soliman, A., Dansereau, L. M., Della Grotta, S. A., & Lester, B. M. (2020). Sociodem-ographic and medical influences on neurobehavioral patterns in preterm infants: A multi-center study. Early Human Development, 142, 104954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.104954

McGowan, E. C., & Vohr, B. R. (2019). Neurodevelopmental Follow-up of Preterm Infants. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 66(2), 509-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2018.12.015

Mesquita-Ramírez, M. N., Evangelina-Godoy, L., & Leguizamón, G. (2020). Preeclampsia como factor de riesgo de parálisis cerebral. Estudio de casos y controles. Revista Perinatolog�a y Reproduc-ci�n Humana, 33(3), 3381. https://doi.org/10.24875/PER.19000054

Missiuna, C., & Campbell, W. N. (2014). Psychological Aspects of Developmental Coordination Disor-der: Can We Establish Causality? Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 1(2), 125-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40474-014-0012-8

Ounsted, M. K., Moar, V. A., Good, F. J., & Redman, C. W. G. (1980). HYPERTENSION DURING PREG-NANCY WITH AND WITHOUT SPECIFIC TREATMENT; THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHIL-DREN AT THE AGE OF FOUR YEARS. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecolo-gy, 87(1), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04420.x

Pereira-Cerro, A. V., Lanzarote-Fernández, M. D., Barbancho-Morant, M. M., & Padilla-Muñoz, E. M. (2020). Evolución del desarrollo psicomotor en preescolares con antecedentes de prematuri-dad. Anales de Pediatría, 93(4), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.10.003

Pierrat, V., Marchand-Martin, L., Marret, S., Arnaud, C., Benhammou, V., Cambonie, G., Debillon, T., Du-fourg, M.-N., Gire, C., Goffinet, F., Kaminski, M., Lapillonne, A., Morgan, A. S., Rozé, J.-C., Twilhaar, S., Charles, M.-A., & Ancel, P.-Y. (2021). Neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 5 among children born preterm: EPIPAGE-2 cohort study. BMJ, n741. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n741

Pinheiro, T. V., Brunetto, S., Ramos, J. G. L., Bernardi, J. R., & Goldani, M. Z. (2016). Hypertensive disor-ders during pregnancy and health outcomes in the offspring: A systematic review. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 7(4), 391-407. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2040174416000209

Pitcher, J. B., Henderson-Smart, D. J., & Robinson, J. S. (2006). Prenatal Programming of Human Motor Function. En E. M. Wintour & J. A. Owens (Eds.), Early Life Origins of Health and Disease (Vol. 573, pp. 41-57). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-32632-4_4

Pittara, T., Vyrides, A., Lamnisos, D., & Giannakou, K. (2021). Pre‐eclampsia and long‐term health out-comes for mother and infant: An umbrella review. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 128(9), 1421-1430. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16683

Rep, A., Ganzevoort, W., Van Wassenaer, A., Bonsel, G., Wolf, H., De Vries, J., & PETRA investigators. (2008). One‐year infant outcome in women with early‐onset hypertensive disorders of preg-nancy. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 115(2), 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2007.01544.x

Ricci, M. F., Shah, P. S., Moddemann, D., Alvaro, R., Ng, E., Lee, S. K., & Synnes, A. (2022). Neurodevel-opmental Outcomes of Infants at <29 Weeks of Gestation Born in Canada Between 2009 and 2016. The Journal of Pediatrics, 247, 60-66.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.04.048

Robinson, M., Mattes, E., Oddy, W. H., De Klerk, N. H., Li, J., McLean, N. J., Silburn, S. R., Zubrick, S. R., Stanley, F. J., & Newnham, J. P. (2009). Hypertensive Diseases of Pregnancy and the Develop-ment of Behavioral Problems in Childhood and Adolescence: The Western Australian Pregnan-cy Cohort Study. The Journal of Pediatrics, 154(2), 218-224.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.07.061

Sala, M. E., Romero, M. F., Romero, A., Fasano, M. V., Varea, A. M., Carrera, P., Salazar, M. R., Espeche, W. G., & González, H. F. (2022a). Neurodevelopmental assessment of infants born to mothers with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy at six months of age. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 13(2), 197-203. https://doi.org/10.1017/S204017442100026X

Sala, M. E., Romero, M. F., Romero, A., Fasano, M. V., Varea, A. M., Carrera, P., Salazar, M. R., Espeche, W. G., & González, H. F. (2022b). Neurodevelopmental assessment of infants born to mothers with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy at six months of age. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 13(2), 197-203. https://doi.org/10.1017/S204017442100026X

Scarpa, S., Carraro, A., Gobbi, E., & Nart, A. (2012). Peer-Victimization during Physical Education and Enjoyment of Physical Activity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 115(1), 319-324. https://doi.org/10.2466/06.05.10.PMS.115.4.319-324

Schlapbach, L. J., Ersch, J., Adams, M., Bernet, V., Bucher, H. U., & Latal, B. (2010). Impact of chorioam-nionitis and preeclampsia on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants below 32 weeks gestational age. Acta Paediatrica, 99(10), 1504-1509. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01861.x

Shawwa, K., McDonnell, N. A., & Garovic, V. D. (2018). Pregnancy, Preeclampsia, and Brain: Three Thousand Years of Progress. Hypertension, 72(6), 1263-1265. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11493

Sircar, M., Thadhani, R., & Karumanchi, S. A. (2015). Pathogenesis of preeclampsia: Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 24(2), 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0000000000000105

Skinner, R. A., & Piek, J. P. (2001). Psychosocial implications of poor motor coordination in children and adolescents. Human Movement Science, 20(1-2), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9457(01)00029-X

Solis-Garcia, G., Avila-Alvarez, A., García-Muñoz Rodrigo, F., Vento, M., Sánchez Tamayo, T., & Zozaya, C. (2022). Time at birth and short-term outcomes among extremely preterm infants in Spain: A multicenter cohort study. European Journal of Pediatrics, 181(5), 2067-2074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-022-04404-z

Song, I. G. (2023a). Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants. Clinical and Experimental Pedi-atrics, 66(7), 281-287. https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00822

Song, I. G. (2023b). Neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants. Clinical and Experimental Pedi-atrics, 66(7), 281-287. https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2022.00822

Tuovinen, S., Eriksson, J. G., Kajantie, E., & Räikkönen, K. (2014). Maternal hypertensive pregnancy disorders and cognitive functioning of the offspring: A systematic review. Journal of the Ameri-can Society of Hypertension, 8(11), 832-847.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jash.2014.09.005

Ushida, T., Kidokoro, H., Nakamura, N., Katsuki, S., Imai, K., Nakano-Kobayashi, T., Moriyama, Y., Sato, Y., Hayakawa, M., Natsume, J., Kajiyama, H., & Kotani, T. (2021). Impact of maternal hyperten-sive disorders of pregnancy on brain volumes at term-equivalent age in preterm infants: A voxel-based morphometry study. Pregnancy Hypertension, 25, 143-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preghy.2021.06.003

Vakil, P., Henry, A., Craig, M. E., & Gow, M. L. (2022a). A review of infant growth and psychomotor de-velopmental outcomes after intrauterine exposure to preeclampsia. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1), 513. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03542-5

Vakil, P., Henry, A., Craig, M. E., & Gow, M. L. (2022b). A review of infant growth and psychomotor de-velopmental outcomes after intrauterine exposure to preeclampsia. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1), 513. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03542-5

Valencia-Narbona, M., Torres, E., Muñoz, F., & García, T. (2023). Structural and functional cerebellar impairment in the progeny of preeclamptic rat mothers. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiolo-gy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-023-01503-8

Van Schie, P. E. M., Rep, A., Ganzevoort, W., De Groot, L., Wolf, H., Van Wassenaer, A. G., & De Vries, J. I. P. (2008). General movements in infants born from mothers with early-onset hypertensive dis-orders of pregnancy in relation to one year’s neurodevelopmental outcome. Early Human De-velopment, 84(9), 605-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.03.002

Van Wassenaer, A. G., Westera, J., Van Schie, P. E. M., Houtzager, B. A., Cranendonk, A., De Groot, L., Ganzevoort, W., Wolf, H., & De Vries, J. I. P. (2011). Outcome at 4.5 years of children born after expectant management of early-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 204(6), 510.e1-510.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2011.02.032

Warshafsky, C., Pudwell, J., Walker, M., Wen, S.-W., & Smith, G. N. (2016). Prospective assessment of neurodevelopment in children following a pregnancy complicated by severe pre-eclampsia. BMJ Open, 6(7), e010884. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010884

Whitehouse, A. J. O., Robinson, M., Newnham, J. P., & Pennell, C. E. (2012). Do hypertensive diseases of pregnancy disrupt neurocognitive development in offspring? Paediatric and Perinatal Epide-miology, 26(2), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01257.x

World Medical Association. (2024). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Princi-ples for Medical Research Involving Human Participants. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.21972

Zhang, B., Chen, X., Yang, C., Shi, H., & Xiu, W. (2024). Effects of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on the complications in very low birth weight neonates. Hypertension in Pregnancy, 43(1), 2314576. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641955.2024.2314576

Descargas

Publicado

2025-03-01

Cómo citar

Cuevas, I., Valencia Narbona, M., de la Fuente, H., & González, A. (2025). Desarrollo psicomotor de niños y niñas prematuros (as) por síndromes hipertensivos del embarazo y por otras causas . Retos, 64, 123–136. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v64.109703

Número

Vol. 64 (2025)

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Licencia

Derechos de autor 2025 Isabel Cuevas, Martina Valencia Narbona, Hanns de la Fuente, Andrea González

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:

    1. Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
    2. Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
    3. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).

Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess