Ejercicio físico postratamiento en cáncer de mama: un estudio longitudinal (Physical exercise post-treatment in breast cancer: a longitudinal study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109318Palabras clave:
breast cancer; physical exercise; anxiety; post-traumatic stress disorder; quality of lifeResumen
La prevalencia del cáncer de mama ha aumentado progresivamente como resultado de los avances en las terapias contra el cáncer; sin embargo, estos pacientes también experimentan una variedad de efectos adversos a largo plazo de su enfermedad y tratamientos. El estudio actual buscó determinar cómo una intervención de entrenamiento físico influyó en los índices de salud física y mental en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Un total de 30 pacientes de cáncer de mama femeninas (de 42,81 ± 3,31 años, índice de masa corporal (IMC) 26,87 ± 0,59 kg/m2 y circunferencia de cintura 97,61 ± 1,94 cm) participaron en 12 regímenes de ejercicio semanales dos veces por semana que comprendían actividades aeróbicas, de resistencia y de flexibilidad. La intervención de ejercicio mejoró la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria, el IMC, la circunferencia de la cintura y la función muscular de las participantes, incluyendo sentarse y ponerse de pie, abdominales y flexiones. También se observaron resultados positivos en los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), la fatiga autoinformada, la calidad de vida y el funcionamiento físico, cognitivo y emocional (p < 0,001). En conclusión, nuestros resultados implican que las ventajas de un programa de entrenamiento físico pueden ayudar a las pacientes con cáncer de mama a reducir los impactos negativos de los factores relacionados con el tratamiento en el rendimiento físico, la calidad de vida general y la salud mental.
Palabras clave: cáncer de mama; ejercicio físico; ansiedad; trastorno de estrés postraumático; calidad de vida
Abstract. The prevalence of breast cancer has been progressively rising as a result of advancements in anti-cancer therapies, however, these patients also experience a variety of long-term adverse effects from their illness and treatments. The current study sought to determine how an exercise training intervention influenced physical and mental health indices in breast cancer patients. A total of 30 female breast cancer patients (aged 42.81 ± 3.31 years, body mass index (BMI) 26.87 ± 0.59 kg/m2, and waist circumference 97.61 ± 1.94 cm) engaged in 12 weekly exercise regimens twice weekly that comprised aerobic, resistance, and flexibility activities. The exercise intervention improved participants' cardiorespiratory fitness, BMI, waist circumference, and muscle function, including sitting to standing, sit-ups, and push-ups. It also showed positive results for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, self-reported fatigue, quality of life, and physical, cognitive, and emotional functioning (p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results imply that the advantages of an exercise training program may help breast cancer patients lessen the negative impacts of treatment-related factors on physical performance, overall quality of life, and mental health.
Keywords: breast cancer; physical exercise; anxiety; post-traumatic stress disorder; quality of life
Citas
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