Comparación del estado físico de jugadores de fútbol juveniles’ etíopes entrenados por entrenadores de sistemas de aprendizaje de entrenadores formales e informales (Comparison of physical fitness status of Ethiopian youth football players trained by coaches from formal and informal coach learning systems)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.107559Palabras clave:
Agility, Speed, Flexibility, Strength endurance, Formal learning, Informal learningResumen
El propósito del presente estudio fue comparar el estado de condición física (agilidad, flexibilidad, velocidad y resistencia a la fuerza) de jugadores de fútbol etíopes menores de 17 años entrenados por entrenadores del sistema de aprendizaje de entrenadores formal e informal. Para lograr el objetivo del estudio se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo en armonía con el muestreo intencional. Por lo tanto, los investigadores participaron y midieron el nivel de condición física de 75 (62,5%) jugadores juveniles sub-17 de élite voluntarios. Se realizó una prueba t de muestra independiente para comparar el estado de condición física de los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores del sistema de aprendizaje formal e informal. Hubo diferencias de agilidad estadísticamente significativas entre jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente (M = 16,38, SD = 0,77) y jugadores de entrenadores formados informalmente M = 16,86, SD = 1,06; t (73) = -2,16, p = 0,03. Por el contrario, los hallazgos del presente estudio mostraron que la diferencia de velocidad estadísticamente significativa entre jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente (M = 4,48, SD = 0,21) y jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados informalmente M = 4,11, SD = 0,31; t (73) = 6,16, p = 0,00. Por el contrario, los hallazgos del presente estudio indicaron que la diferencia de flexibilidad estadísticamente significativa entre jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente (M = 10,40, SD = 4,44) y jugadores de entrenadores formados informalmente M = 6,10, SD = 5,30; t (73) = 3,66, p = 0,00. El resultado aclara que los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente obtuvieron puntuaciones de tiempo medio de agilidad significativamente más rápidas (16,38 segundos) que los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados informalmente (16,86 segundos). Por el contrario, los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores con conocimientos informales se muestran significativamente más rápido (4,11 segundos) que los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores con conocimientos formales. Sin embargo, los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente eran significativamente flexibles (10,40 centímetros) que los alumnos de entrenadores formados informalmente. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas en la fuerza resistencia de los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente (M = 28,20, SD = 10,17) y la fuerza resistencia de los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados informalmente (M = 31,29, SD = 11,69). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias significativas en la fuerza resistencia de los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados formalmente (M = 28,20, SD = 10,17) y la fuerza resistencia de los jugadores entrenados por entrenadores formados informalmente M = 31,29, SD = 11,69; t (73) = -1,18, p = 0,24. En última instancia, el resultado del presente estudio sugiere que el tipo de aprendizaje del entrenador seguramente tiene un impacto en el estado físico de los jugadores de fútbol de élite menores de 17 años. Por lo tanto, los hallazgos del estudio actual concluyen que el trabajo colaborativo de entrenadores con formación formal e informal recomendó lograr los cambios necesarios en todas las cualidades físicas de los jugadores de fútbol de élite menores de 17 años de Etiopía.
Palabras clave: agilidad, velocidad, flexibilidad, fuerza resistencia, aprendizaje formal, aprendizaje informal.
Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to compare physical fitness status (agility, flexibility, speed, and strength endurance) of Ethiopian youth under-17 football players trained by coaches from formal and informal coach learning system. To achieve the objective of the study a quantitative approach in harmony with purposive sampling was employed. Hence, the researchers have participated and measured the fitness level of 75 (62.5%) volunteer elite youth U-17 players. An independent sample t-test was conducted to compare the physical fitness status of players being trained by coaches from formal and informal learning system. There were statistically significant agility difference between players coached by formally learned coaches (M = 16.38, SD = .77) and players of informally learned coaches M = 16.86, SD = 1.06; t (73) = -2.16, P = .03. Conversely, the findings of the present study showed that statistically significant speed difference between players coached by formally learned coaches (M = 4.48, SD = .21) and players coached by informally learned coaches M = 4.11, SD = .31; t (73) = 6.16, P = .00. On the contrary, the findings of the present study indicated that statistically significant flexibility difference between players coached by formally learned coaches (M = 10.40, SD = 4.44) and players of informally learned coaches M = 6.10, SD = 5.30; t (73) = 3.66, P = .00. The result elucidates that players trained by formally learned coaches were significantly fast (16.38 seconds) agility mean time score than players trained by informally learned coaches (16.86 seconds). Conversely, players trained by informal learned coaches’ show significantly faster (4.11 seconds) than players coached by formal learned coaches. However, players coached by formally learned coaches were significantly flexible (10.40 centimeters) than trainees of informally learned coaches. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in strength endurance of players trained by formally learned coaches (M = 28.20, SD =10.17) and strength endurance of players trained by informally learned coaches (M = 31.29, SD = 11.69). However, there was no significant difference in strength endurance of players trained by formal learned coaches (M = 28.20, SD = 10.17) and strength endurance of players trained by informally learned coaches M = 31.29, SD = 11.69; t (73) = -1.18, P = .24. Ultimately, the result of the current study suggests that the type of coach learning surely have an impact on physical fitness status of elite youth under-17 football players. Therefore, the findings of the current study conclude that the collaborative work of formally learned and informally learned coaches recommended to bring the needed changes across all physical fitness qualities of elite youth under-17 football players of Ethiopia.
Keywords: agility, speed, flexibility, strength endurance, formal learning, informal learning
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