Optimizando el rendimiento: efecto del entrenamiento isoinercial en futbolistas sub-16 (Optimizing performance: isoinertial training in under-16 soccer players)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107292

Palabras clave:

sobrecarga excéntrica, entrenamiento, cuádriceps, fuerza explosiva, isoinercial

Resumen

El entrenamiento con sobrecarga excéntrica goza de efectos en la mejora y optimización de la fuerza muscular e hipertrofia muscular, incidiendo sobre las capacidades físicas. La guía y el cuidado del deportista influye en su trayectoria deportiva y es necesario generar beneficios desde las edades tempranas. El objetivo general de la investigación fue evaluar el impacto del entrenamiento isoinercial en el rendimiento físico y deportivo de futbolistas sub-16, con el fin de optimizar sus capacidades físicas asociadas a la velocidad, agilidad y altura del salto. Fue un estudio de diseño cuasiexperimental, de corte longitudinal realizado en una población de 43 futbolistas escogidos en dos escuelas formativas; Se utilizó la prueba de salto vertical para la fuerza explosiva, la prueba T para la agilidad y la prueba de sprint recto de 10 m para la velocidad. Durante el seguimiento se aplicó el protocolo de entrenamiento de sobrecarga excéntrica durante 6 semanas. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el grupo experimental (GE) presenta diferencias significativas entre el preentrenamiento y el postentrenamiento de las tres variables estudiadas (p=<0,05) a diferencia del grupo control (GC) que no presenta diferencia significativa entre estas fases. En conclusión, el entrenamiento excéntrico isoinercial facilita las mejoras en las cualidades deportivas de agilidad, velocidad y altura del salto, se recomienda realizar el entrenamiento por al menos 7 semanas con estímulos de carga superiores a las 4 series de 8 repeticiones y un RPE. >7.

Palabras Clave: sobrecarga excéntrica, isoinercial, altura del salto, cuádriceps, entrenamiento

Abstract. Eccentric overload training is known for its effects on improving and optimizing muscle strength and hypertrophy, impacting physical capacities. The guidance and care of athletes influence their sports career, and it is necessary to generate benefits from an early age. The general objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of iso-inertial training on the physical and sports performance of under-16 soccer players to optimize their physical capacities associated with speed, agility, and jump height. This was a quasi-experimental, longitudinal study conducted on a population of 43 soccer players selected from two training schools. The vertical jump test was used for explosive strength, the T-test for agility, and the 10-meter straight sprint test for speed. During the follow-up, the eccentric overload training protocol was applied for 6 weeks. The results showed that the experimental group (EG) presented significant differences between the pre-training and post-training phases for the three studied variables (p=<0.05), unlike the control group (CG), which showed no significant difference between these phases. In conclusion, iso-inertial eccentric training facilitates improve-ments in the athletic qualities of agility, speed, and jump height. It is recommended to conduct the training for at least 7 weeks with load stimuli exceeding 4 sets of 8 repetitions and an RPE >7.

Keywords: eccentric overload, isoinertial, jump high, quadriceps, training

Biografía del autor/a

Ronnie Paredes-Gómez , Universidad Tecnica del Norte Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud

Docente Fisioterapia Faculdad CIencias de la Salud Universidad Tecnica del Norte 

Fisioterapeuta en centro de Rehabilitación Kiniz 

MSc. En Terapia Manual Ortopedica en el Tratamiento del Dolor

MSc. En Entrenamiento Deportivo

Diplomado en KInesiotape K1- K2

Diplomado en puncion seca 

Diplomado en Kinetic Control

Diplomado en Disfunciones Temporo Mandibulares

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Publicado

2024-10-02

Cómo citar

Paredes-Gómez, R. ., Potosi-Moya, V. ., Solano -Díaz, C. ., & Damian Mejia-Echeverria, C. D. . (2024). Optimizando el rendimiento: efecto del entrenamiento isoinercial en futbolistas sub-16 (Optimizing performance: isoinertial training in under-16 soccer players). Retos, 59, 24–31. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107292

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas