De la carrera deportiva a la jubilación: ¿cuáles son los motivos, sentimientos y experiencias de nadadores de décadas diferentes? (From sports career to retirement: what are the reasons, feelings, and experiences of swimmers from different decades?)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.106257

Palabras clave:

Natação, Aposentadoria, Carreira esportiva, Atletas, Estudos Retrospectivos

Resumen

Objetivo: El objetivo fue comparar los motivos de jubilación, los sentimientos durante la transición y al recordar la carrera, así como la percepción de la aptitud física y la salud entre 18 exnadadores, divididos en Grupo A (jubilados entre 1995-2005) y Grupo B (jubilados entre 2006-2019). Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo y retrospectivo a través de entrevistas vía Google Meet, siguiendo un guion semiestructurado. El reclutamiento de los atletas se realizó de manera conveniente, basado en la disponibilidad y accesibilidad. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que la estancamiento del rendimiento fue el principal motivo de jubilación para ambos grupos (33,33% para el Grupo A y 35,71% para el Grupo B). Durante la transición, el Grupo A expresó predominantemente sentimientos positivos (57,15%), mientras que el Grupo B mostró una predominancia de sentimientos negativos (63,64%), siendo el alivio el principal sentimiento mencionado en ambos grupos. Al recordar sus carreras, ambos grupos expresaron predominantemente sentimientos positivos (94,45% para el Grupo A y 76,2% para el Grupo B), siendo la nostalgia el más mencionado en ambos. En cuanto a la percepción de la aptitud física y la salud, se observó predominantemente un empeoramiento en ambos grupos. Los resultados refuerzan la necesidad de realizar la planificación de carrera, proporcionando datos importantes para que los equipos técnicos y atletas reconozcan esta fragilidad y, posiblemente, implementen la planificación de carrera en sus equipos con el fin de facilitar la transición hacia una nueva identidad y estilo de vida.

Palabras clave: Natación. Jubilación. Carrera deportiva. Atletas. Estudios Retrospectivos.

Abstract. Objective: The aim was to compare retirement motives, feelings during the transition and when reminiscing about their careers, as well as perceptions of physical fitness and health among 18 former swimmers, divided into Group A (retired between 1995-2005) and Group B (retired between 2006-2019). Materials and Methods: A qualitative and retrospective approach was utilized through interviews via Google Meet, following a semi-structured script. Athletes' recruitment was conveniently conducted based on availability and accessibility. Results: Findings indicated that performance stagnation was the primary retirement motive for both groups (33.33% for Group A and 35.71% for Group B). During the transition, Group A predominantly expressed positive feelings (57.15%), while Group B showed a predominance of negative feelings (63.64%), with relief being the main emotion cited in both groups. When recalling their careers, both groups predominantly expressed positive feelings (94.45% for Group A and 76.2% for Group B), with nostalgia being the most cited emotion in both. Regarding perceptions of physical fitness and health, a predominantly worsening trend was observed in both groups. The results emphasize the need for career planning, providing important data for technical teams and athletes to recognize this vulnerability and potentially implement career planning in their teams with the aim of facilitating the transition to a new identity and lifestyle.

Keywords: Swimming. Retirement. Sports career. Athletes. Retrospective Studies.

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Publicado

2024-12-01

Cómo citar

Gomes, A. C., Tolomeu de Oliveira, G., Rocha Soares, E., Ocelli Ungheri, B., & Melo Ferreira, R. (2024). De la carrera deportiva a la jubilación: ¿cuáles son los motivos, sentimientos y experiencias de nadadores de décadas diferentes? (From sports career to retirement: what are the reasons, feelings, and experiences of swimmers from different decades?). Retos, 61, 230–237. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.106257

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Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas