El efecto de la nutrición en el rendimiento de los atletas de bádminton: Una revisión sistemática (The effect of nutrition on badminton athlete performance: A systematic review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105005Palabras clave:
Nutrition, Badminton Athlete, Systematic ReviewResumen
Antecedentes y objetivo del estudio: El rendimiento deportivo es el resultado de una compleja interacción entre el entrenamiento, la genética y la ingesta nutricional. En deportes como el bádminton, que exigen resistencia, velocidad y fuerza, la nutrición desempeña un papel crucial en el apoyo al rendimiento y la recuperación. Aunque se reconoce que la nutrición es un factor importante, la investigación sobre los efectos específicos de la nutrición en el rendimiento de los atletas de bádminton es limitada. Este estudio pretende analizar sistemáticamente la bibliografía existente sobre la influencia de la nutrición en el rendimiento de los atletas de bádminton, centrándose en los macronutrientes, los micronutrientes y la suplementación. Materiales y métodos: Este estudio utilizó un enfoque de revisión sistemática, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. Se revisaron bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science en busca de artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2023, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con la nutrición y el bádminton. Los estudios que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión se evaluaron en función del diseño de la investigación, la población, el tipo de intervención nutricional y las medidas de rendimiento utilizadas. Los datos se extrajeron y analizaron cualitativamente. Resultados: De los 130 artículos identificados, 61 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados mostraron que la ingesta óptima de carbohidratos, la hidratación adecuada y el momento nutricional mejoraron significativamente la resistencia y la recuperación. También se demostró que la suplementación con creatina y beta-alanina mejoraba el rendimiento de fuerza y resistencia. Sin embargo, los efectos de micronutrientes como las vitaminas y los minerales fueron más variables y dependieron del estado nutricional del individuo antes de la intervención. Conclusiones: La nutrición desempeña un papel vital en el apoyo al rendimiento de los atletas de bádminton. Los hidratos de carbono, una hidratación adecuada y ciertos suplementos como la creatina y la beta-alanina pueden mejorar el rendimiento. Sin embargo, las recomendaciones nutricionales deben individualizarse en función de las necesidades y los objetivos del deportista. Se necesitan más investigaciones para examinar los efectos específicos de los micronutrientes y las estrategias de nutrición personalizadas en el bádminton.
Palabras clave: Nutrición, deportista de bádminton, revisión sistemática.
Abstrack. Background and Goal of Study: Athletic performance results from a complex interaction between training, genetics and nutritional intake. In sports such as badminton, which demand endurance, speed and strength, nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting performance and recovery. Although nutrition is recognised as an important factor, there is limited research on the specific effects of nutrition on badminton athlete performance. This study aims to systematically analyse the existing literature on the influence of nutrition on badminton athlete performance, focusing on macronutrients, micronutrients and supplementation. Materials and Methods: This study used a systematic review approach, following PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were reviewed for articles published from 2010 to 2023, using keywords related to nutrition and badminton. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated based on the research design, population, type of nutrition intervention, and performance measures used. Data were extracted and analysed qualitatively. Results: Of the 130 articles identified, 61 met the inclusion criteria. Findings showed that optimal carbohydrate intake, adequate hydration and nutritional timing significantly improved stamina and recovery. Supplementation with creatine and beta-alanine was also shown to improve strength and endurance performance. However, the effects of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals were more variable and dependent on the individual's nutritional status before the intervention. Conclusion: Nutrition plays a vital role in supporting the performance of badminton athletes. Carbohydrates, adequate hydration, and certain supplements such as creatine and beta-alanine can improve performance. However, nutritional recommendations should be individualised based on the athlete's needs and goals. Further research is needed to examine micronutrient-specific effects and personalised nutrition strategies in badminton.
Keywords: Nutrition, Badminton Athlete, Systematic Review.
Citas
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