Efecto del programa acuático sobre la fuerza y los indicadores de sarcopenia en ancianos (Effect of the Aquatic Program on Strength and Indicators of Sarcopenia in Elderly)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103882Palabras clave:
Fuerza muscular, personas mayores, Sarcopenia, aptitud física, EnvejecimientoResumen
El presente estudio investigó el efecto de la implementación del programa acuático Hidrotreinamento® sobre los indicadores de fuerza y sarcopenia en personas mayores que ya practicaron ejercicios acuáticos. Métodos: 51 voluntarios se organizaron en dos grupos. El experimental Hidrotreinamento® (HTG) siguió un nuevo programa periodizado con progresión de carga controlada, y el grupo control Aquatic Ejercicio Community (AEC) mantuvo el programa acuático comunitario que habían realizado previamente, un programa no periodizado y sin carga controlada. progresión. Ambos os grupos fueron sometidos a la misma batería de pruebas al inicio y después de 16 semanas del programa acuático. Handgrip, Time Up and Go (TUG), Chair Stand Test (CST), Chair Sit and Reach Test (CSRT), Back Scratch Test (BST), composición corporal y los cuestionarios SARC-F e IPAQ. Se utilizó ANCOVA para comparar las diferencias entre grupos. Resultados: Se encontró correlación significativa entre edad y Sarc-F (p > 0,05), edad y TUG (p > 0,05), IMC y TUG (p > 0,05), IMC y empuñadura (p > 0,05), masa grasa y todos variables de fuerza (p > 0,05) y entre tiempo sentado IPAQ y agarre manual (p > 0,05). En cuanto a las pruebas físicas, se encontró un efecto grupal significativo para la prensión manual y el BST (p > 0,05). Los resultados relativos para los cambios dentro de cada grupo HTG y AEC, respectivamente, después del programa acuático fueron: agarre de la mano (11,75%; 0,04%); TUG (117,2%; 12,06%); CST (21,6%; 2,96%); BSTR (21,7%; 2,5%); BSTL (12,2%; 13,6); CSRTR (6,6%; 2%); CSRTL (1,9%; 1,2%) Conclusión: El programa acuático Hidrotreinamento® parece ser eficaz para combatir la sarcopenia y aumentar la fuerza en adultos mayores.
Palabras clave: Fuerza muscular, adultos mayores, sarcopenia, condición física, envejecimiento.
Abstract. The present study investigated the effect of implementing the Hidrotreinamento® aquatic program on strength and sarcopenia indicators in older people who have already practiced aquatic exercises. Methods: 51 Volunteers were organized into two groups. The experimental Hidrotreinamento® (HTG) followed a new periodized program with controlled load progression, and the Aquatic Exercise Community (AEC) control group maintained the community aquatic program they had previously carried out, a non-periodized program without controlled load progression. Both groups were subjected to the same battery of tests at the baseline and after 16 weeks of the aquatic program. Handgrip, Time Up and Go (TUG), Chair Stand Test (CST), Chair Sit and Reach Test (CSRT), Back Scratch Test (BST), body composition, and the questionnaires SARC-F and IPAQ. ANCOVA was used to compare differences between groups. Results: A significant correlation was found between age and Sarc-F (p > 0.05), age and TUG (p > 0.05), BMI and TUG (p > 0.05), BMI and Handgrip (p > 0.05), Fat mass and all strength variables (p > 0.05) and between IPAQ sitting time and handgrip (p > 0.05). Regarding physical tests, a significant group effect was found for handgrip and the BST (p > 0.05). Relative results for changes within each group HTG and AEC, respectively, after the aquatic program were: handgrip (11.75%; 0.04%); TUG (117.2%; 12.06%); CST (21.6%; 2.96%); BSTR (21.7%; 2.5%); BSTL (12.2%; 13.6); CSRTR (6.6%; 2%); CSRTL (1.9%; 1.2%) Conclusion: The Hidrotreinamento® aquatic program appears to be effective in combating sarcopenia and increasing strength in older adults.
Keywords: Muscle strength, older adults, sarcopenia, physical fitness, aging.
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