Efectos de los métodos de entrenamiento continuo, por intervalos y combinado en los corredores de medio fondo y fondo. (Effects of continuous, interval, and combined training methods on middle- and long-distance runners’ performance)

English

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.102976

Palabras clave:

continuous, interval, combined training methods, performance

Resumen

Introducción: El rendimiento en carrera se ve influido en gran medida por los métodos de entrenamiento, entre los que se incluyen el entrenamiento continuo, por intervalos y combinado. Sin embargo, no se ha identificado qué método de entrenamiento mejora mejor el rendimiento. Objetivo: Este estudio tenía como objetivo investigar cómo los métodos de entrenamiento continuo, por intervalos y combinado afectan al rendimiento en carreras de distancia. Métodos: Un total de treinta (n=30) atletas del Ethiopia Hotel Athletics Club fueron seleccionados como sujetos. Se incluyeron corredores entrenados sin lesiones previas. Las intervenciones duraron al menos 12 semanas, y los participantes fueron asignados a grupos de entrenamiento por intervalos, continuo o combinado. El rendimiento de los atletas se evaluó mediante la prueba de carrera de Cooper de 12 minutos, la prueba de sentadillas en la pared y la prueba de sprints múltiples mediante intervenciones antes y después de la prueba. Se realizó un MANOVA con SPSS para determinar la diferencia de medias con intervalos de confianza del 95% (CIS) entre el entrenamiento continuo, por intervalos (CIS) y combinado, y se calcularon los tamaños del efecto. Resultados: Todos los métodos de entrenamiento mejoraron significativamente el VO2máx, la resistencia a la fuerza y la velocidad. Además, no hubo diferencias significativas entre el entrenamiento a intervalos y el combinado durante la prueba de VO2máx (DM = 0,2, P > 0,1). No hubo diferencias significativas entre el entrenamiento continuo y el de intervalos durante la prueba de VO2máx postest. Durante la prueba de sentadilla de pared, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los métodos de entrenamiento (p > 0,1). Además, no hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos de entrenamiento continuo y combinado ni entre los grupos de entrenamiento por intervalos y combinado en la prueba de sprint múltiple (p = 1, DM = 0,53). Sin embargo, hubo una diferencia significativa entre los grupos de entrenamiento continuo y de intervalo en la prueba de sprint múltiple (p = 0,024, DM = -1,75), con un tamaño del efecto de 0,356. Conclusiones: El entrenamiento por intervalos y el entrenamiento combinado son mejores estrategias que el entrenamiento continuo para mejorar el rendimiento de los atletas.

Palabras clave: Atletismo, continuo, intervalo, métodos combinados de entrenamiento, rendimiento.

Abstract. Introduction: Running performance is largely influenced by training methods, including Continuous, Interval, and combined training methods. However, which training method that best improves the performance has not been identified.Aim: This study was to investigate how training methods continuous, interval, and combined training affect distance running performance. Methods: A total of thirty (n=30) athletes from the Ethiopia Hotel Athletics Club were selected as subjects. The studies included trained runners without previous injuries. Interventions lasted at least 12 weeks, with participants allocated to Interval, Continuous or combined training groups. The athletes' performance was assessed through cooper 12 min run test, wall squat test and multiple sprint test using pre- and posttest interventions. MANOVA was performed using SPSS to determine the mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIS) between continuous, interval (CIS), and combined training, and the effect sizes were calculated. Results: All training methods significantly improved VO2max, strength endurance, and speed. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the interval and combined training during the VO2max test (MD = 0.2, P > 0.1). There was no significant difference between continuous and interval training during the posttests VO2max test. During the wall squat test, there was no significant difference between the training methods (p > 0.1). Moreover, there were no significant differences between the continuous and combined, training groups or between the interval and combined training groups at the level of the multiple sprint test (p = 1, MD = 0.53). However, there was a significant difference between the continuous and interval training groups on the multiple sprint test (P = 0.024, MD = -1.75), with an effect size was 0.356.Conclusion: Interval and combined training are better strategies than continuous training for improving athlete performance.

Key words: Athletics, continuous, interval, combined training methods, performance

Citas

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Publicado

2024-09-01

Cómo citar

Tegegne Nigussie, Y. (2024). Efectos de los métodos de entrenamiento continuo, por intervalos y combinado en los corredores de medio fondo y fondo. (Effects of continuous, interval, and combined training methods on middle- and long-distance runners’ performance): English. Retos, 58, 418–425. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.102976

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas