Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: an umbrella review of non-pharmacological interventions

Authors

  • E. Martin Ruiz Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP). Granada. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-1198
  • A. Olry de Labry Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada. Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/ Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
  • D. Epstein Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Universidad de Granada. Campus Universitario de Cartuja. Granada, Spain.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0316

Keywords:

Cardiovascular, Non-Prescription Intervention, Umbrella Review, Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses

Abstract

Background. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality in healthy adults or those at high risk of CVD.

Methods. An umbrella review about primary prevention of non-pharmacological interventions was undertaken in key databases as PubMed Health, Effective Health Care Program AHRQ, McMaster University and the Cochrane Plus until July 2017. The primary outcomes were the relative risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD events, and mortality. Secondary outcomes were adverse events.

Results. Twenty-four reviews were included of which thirteen reported outcomes of interest. Four of these found a pooled statistically significant risk reduction: dietary supplements of vitamin D, increased consumption of omega 3 fatty acids, Qigong, and counselling or education to modify more than one cardiovascular risk factor. Seven studies reported adverse events but minor or insignificant with respect to the control group.

Conclusions. Four non-pharmacological interventions have been shown to provide a statistically significant reduction in risk of CVD events or overall mortality, with minor adverse events if any. Further research should aim for higher methodological quality and longer follow-up of interventions to establish if these interventions, alone or in combination, translate into definite long-term health benefits.

Keywords. Cardiovascular. Non-prescription intervention. Umbrella review. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

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Published

2018-12-26

How to Cite

Martin Ruiz, E., Olry de Labry, A., & Epstein, D. (2018). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: an umbrella review of non-pharmacological interventions. Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra, 41(3), 355–369. https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0316

Issue

Vol. 41 No. 3 (2018)

Section

Review article

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