Eficacia de la tele-rehabilitación en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0999Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, EPOC, Telemedicina, FisioterapiaResumen
La pandemia de la COVID-19 ha requerido el uso de nuevas tecnologías para realizar las sesiones de rehabilitación en la EPOC de manera telemática. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar la evidencia disponible sobre la eficacia de la telerehabilitación en pacientes con EPOC. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, WOS, PEDro y Cochrane. La revisión incluyó nueve ensayos clínicos, el 55,5% con buena calidad metodológica.
Los métodos de telerehabilitación más utilizados fueron las aplicaciones o software para realizar video-llamadas a tiempo real, visualizar los ejercicios y registrar los progresos conseguidos.
La telerehabilitación fue tan eficaz como la rehabilitación pulmonar ambulatoria, obteniendo mayores beneficios en capacidad funcional, autoeficacia, salud mental, exacerbaciones y visitas a urgencias, siendo una opción rentable y con alta satisfacción del paciente. El pequeño número de estudios y la variedad de métodos de telerehabilitación limitan el valor de la evidencia obtenida.
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