Intervenciones de autocuidado diádico en la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica en el contexto hospitalario: una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.1001Palabras clave:
Autocuidado, Diada, Insuficiencia cardiaca, Intervención, Revisión sistemáticaResumen
El autocuidado diádico en la insuficiencia cardiaca crónica (ICC) es clave para garantizar la continuidad del tratamiento, disminuir las complicaciones y los reingresos, y minimizar la sobrecarga del cuidador, pero demanda estrategias específicas. El objetivo fue identificar las intervenciones de autocuidado diádico en la ICC en el contexto hospitalario mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura en PubMed, CINAHL y PsycInfo; la calidad metodológica se valoró según las herramientas de CASPe y del Joanna Briggs Institute. Se identificaron los principales componentes de las intervenciones: formato de administración; dimensiones y estrategias utilizadas (cognitivo-actitudinal, afectiva-emocional y conductual); proveedores y receptores; instrumentos de medida utilizados; y efectividad. La mayoría de estudios mejoraron los resultados, especialmente síntomas de depresión y/o ansiedad, adherencia al tratamiento, dieta y control del peso. Se recomiendan intervenciones innovadoras que incluyan componentes de las tres dimensiones identificadas y el uso de escalas válidas, fiables y específicas para medir los resultados.
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