How to conduct a systematic review under PRISMA protocol? Uses and fundamental strategies for its application in the educational field through a practical case study
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION. Based on a practical case, the aim of this research is to show the content of PRISMA 2020 declaration, as well as its correct application to carry out systematic reviews in the field of education. In each of the sections that form this paper, and using the recently published work by Sánchez-Serrano et al. (2022) as a point of reference, we will respond to the requirements of PRISMA 2020. The aim is, therefore, for the reader to acquire the theoretical and practical knowledge necessary for the appropriate use of the PRISMA protocol. METHOD. Through an in-depth review of the existing literature, the procedure to carry out a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 statement is shown in a clear and synthetic manner. RESULTS. The solution to all the topics (27) included in the checklist for research carried out under PRISMA 2020 is presented in a question-answer format. In this case, applied to the term "educational innovation", as this is the research topic raised in the case study under consideration in this paper. DISCUSSION. As the existing literature reveals, the correct application of PRISMA 2020 protocol for systematic reviews in the field of education provides an objective and reliable response to the various research questions that may arise in the reality of education. Likewise, an incorrect application of this protocol can lead to bias in the research, which would result, with a very high probability, in the rejection of the research by the editors and/or reviewers of specialised journals.
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