Prevalencia e incidencia de ictus en Europa: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
##plugins.pubIds.doi.readerDisplayName##:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0979Gako-hitzak:
Ictus, Epidemiología, Prevalencia, Incidencia, MetaanálisisLaburpena
Fundamento. El ictus es la segunda causa de muerte y la primera causa de discapacidad en Europa. El número de pacientes con ictus muestra una tendencia de crecimiento rápido debido al aumento de la población anciana. El objetivo de este metaanálisis es estimar la prevalencia e incidencia de ictus en Europa.
Método. Se buscaron artículos en las bases de datos MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL Complete y EMBASE con los términos “stroke”, “cerebrovascular accident” combinadas con “epidemiology”, “prevalence”, “incidence” y “Europe”. La calidad y el riesgo de sesgo se analizó con las escalas Hoy modificada y Newcastle Ottawa para los artículos de prevalencia e incidencia, respectivamente. El metaanálisis utilizó un modelo de efectos aleatorios con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) y el estadístico I2 para estimar la heterogeneidad.
Resultados. La prevalencia de ictus en Europa ajustada por sexo fue 9,2% (IC95%: 4,4-14,0); en hombres fue 9,1% (IC95%: 4,7-16,6) y en mujeres 9,2% (IC95%: 4,1-14,4); se encontró una tendencia creciente con el aumento de la edad. La incidencia de ictus ajustada por sexo fue 191,9 por 100.000 personas-año (IC95%: 156,4-227,3); en hombres fue de 195,7 por 100.000 personas-año (IC95%: 142,4-249,0) y en mujeres 188,1 por 100.000 personas-año (IC95%: 138,6-237,7), con igual tendencia creciente con el aumento de la edad.
Conclusiones. La prevalencia de ictus en Europa alcanza un 9,2%. La incidencia se sitúa en 191,9 por 100.000 personas-año. La prevalencia de ictus ha aumentado mientras que la incidencia se mantiene estable en comparación con estudios realizados a comienzos del siglo XXI.
##plugins.generic.usageStats.downloads##
Erreferentziak
WILKINS E, WILSON L, WICKRAMASINGHE K, BHATNAGAR P, LEAL J, LUENGO-FERNANDEZ R et al. European Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2017. Brussels: European Heart Network, 2017. http://www.ehnheart.org/images/CVD-statistics-report-August-2017.pdf
TOWNSEND N, WILSON L, BHATNAGAR P, WICKRAMASINGHE K, RAYNER M, NICHOLS M. Cardiovascular disease in Europe: epidemiological update 2016. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 3232-3245. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw334
FEIGIN VL, LAWES CM, BENNETT DA, BARKER-COLLO SL, PARAG V. Worldwide stroke incidence and early case fatality reported in 56 population-based studies: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol 2009; 8: 355-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70025-0
HEUSCHMANN PU, WIEDMANN S, WELLWOOD I, RUDD A, DI CARLO A, BEJOT Y et al, European Registers of Stroke. Three-month stroke outcome: the European Registers of Stroke (EROS) investigators. Neurology 2011; 76: 159-165. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e318206ca1e
TRUELSEN T, PIECHOWSKI-JOZWIAK B, BONITA R, MATHERS C, BOGOUSSLAVSKY J, BOYSEN G. Stroke incidence and prevalence in Europe: a review of available data. Eur J Neurol 2006; 13: 581-598. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01138.x
BÉJOT Y, BAILLY H, DURIER J, GIROUD M. Epidemiology of stroke in Europe and trends for the 21st century. Presse Med 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lpm.2016.10.003
The European Registers of Stroke (EROS) Investigators. Incidence of stroke in Europe at the beginning of the 21st century. Stroke 2009; 40: 1557-1563. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.535088
GBD 2016 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2019; 18: 439-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30034-1
TRUELSEN T, EKMAN M, BOYSEN G. Cost of stroke in Europe. Eur J Neurol 2005; 12(Suppl.1): 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2005.01199.x
NORRVING B, BARRICK J, DAVALOS A, DICHGANS M, CORDONNIER C, GUEKHT A et al. Action plan for stroke in Europe 2018-2030. Eur Stroke J 2018; 3: 309-336. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396987318808719
LETELIER L, MANRÍQUEZ J, RADA G. Revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis: ¿son la mejor evidencia? Rev Méd Chile 2005; 133: 246-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872005000200015
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Consultado el 19 de mayo de 2020. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/151390_PROTOCOL_20190918.pdf
PAGE MJ, MCKENZIE JE, BOSSUYT PM, BOUTRON I, HOFFMANN TC, MULROW CD et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021; 372: n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
HOY D, BROOKS P, WOOLF A, BLYTH F, MARCH L, BAIN C et al. Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement. J Clin Epidemiol 65, 934-939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.11.014
VAN TIMMEREN EA, VAN DER SCHANS CP, VAN DER PUTTEN AAJ, KRIJNEN WP, STEENBERGEN HA, VAN SCHROJENSTEIN LANTMAN-DE VALK HMJ et al. Physical health issues in adults with severe or profound intellectual and motor disabilities: a systematic review of cross-sectional studies. J Intellect Disabil Res 2017; 61: 30-49. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12296
WELLS G, SHEA B, O’CONNELL D, PETERSON J, WELCH V, LOSOS M. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. The Ottawa: Hospital Research Institute. Consultado el 17 de marzo de 2020. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp
LIEBETRAU M, STEEN B, SKOOG I. Stroke in 85-year-olds: prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and relation to mortality and dementia. Stroke 2003; 34: 2617-2622. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000094420.80781.A9
ORLANDI G, GELLI A, FANUCCHI S, TOGNONI G, ACERBI G, MURRI L. Prevalence of stroke and transient ischaemic attack in the elderly population of an Italian rural community. Eur J Epidemiol 2003; 18: 879-882. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1025639203283
JUNGEHÜLSING GJ, MÜLLER-NORDHORN J, NOLTE CH, ROLL S, ROSSNAGEL K, REICH A et al. Prevalence of stroke and stroke symptoms: a population-based survey of 28,090 participants. Neuroepidemiology 2008; 30: 51-57. https://doi.org/10.1159/000115750
DÍAZ-GUZMÁN J, BERMEJO-PAREJA F, BENITO-LEÓN J, VEGA S, GABRIEL R, MEDRANO MJ. Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES) Study Group. Prevalence of stroke and transient ischemic attack in three elderly populations of central Spain. Neuroepidemiology 2008; 30: 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1159/000135643
FERNÁNDEZ DE BOBADILLA J, SICRAS-MAINAR A, NAVARRO-ARTIEDA R, PLANAS-COMES A, SOTO-ALVAREZ J, SÁNCHEZ-MAESTRE C et al. Estimation of the prevalence, incidence, comorbidities and direct costs associated to stroke patients requiring care in an area of the Spanish population. Rev Neurol 2008; 46: 397-405
D'ALESSANDRO G, GALLO F, VITALIANO A, DEL COL P, GORRAZ F, DE CRISTOFARO R et al. Prevalence of stroke and stroke-related disability in Valle d'Aosta, Italy. Neurol Sci 2010; 31: 137-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-009-0174-z
HORNSTEN C, MOLANDER L, GUSTAFSON Y. The prevalence of stroke and the association between stroke and depression among a very old population. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2012; 55: 555-559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.04.012
ANDERSSON M, GUO X, BÖRJESSON-HANSON A, LIEBETRAU M, ÖSTLING S, SKOOG I. A population-based study on dementia and stroke in 97 year olds. Age Ageing 2012; 41: 529-533. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afs040
BUSCH MA, SCHIENKIEWITZ A, NOWOSSADECK E, GÖßWALD A. Prevalence of stroke in adults aged 40–79 years in Germany: Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsbl 2013; 56: 656-660. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-012-1659-0
SCHNITZLER A, WOIMANT F, TUPPIN P, DE PERETTI C. Prevalence of self-reported stroke and disability in the French adult population: a transversal study. PLoS One 2014; 9: e115375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115375
MANOBIANCA G, ZOCCOLELLA S, PETRUZZELLIS A, MICCOLI A, LOGROSCINO G. The incidence of major stroke subtypes in southern Italy: a population-based study. Eur J Neurol 2010; 17: 1148-1155. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.02983.x
PALM F, URBANEK C, ROSE S, BUGGLE F, BODE B, HENNERICI MG et al. stroke incidence and survival in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany: the Ludwigshafen Stroke Study (LuSSt). Stroke 2010; 41: 1865-1870. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.592642
PIKIJA S, CVETKO D, MALOJČIĆ B, TRKANJEC Z, PAVLIČEK I, LUKIĆ A et al. A population-based prospective 24-month study of stroke: incidence and 30-day case-fatality rates of first-ever strokes in Croatia. Neuroepidemiology 2012; 38: 164-171. https://doi.org/10.1159/000336114
DÍAZ-GUZMÁN J, EGIDO JA, GABRIEL-SÁNCHEZ R, BARBERÁ-COMES G, FUENTES-GIMENO B, FERNÁNDEZ-PÉREZ C. IBERICTUS Study Investigators of the Stroke Project of the Spanish Cerebrovascular Diseases Study Group. Stroke and transient ischemic attack incidence rate in Spain: the IBERICTUS study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2012; 34: 272-281. https://doi.org/10.1159/000342652
GROPPO E, DE GENNARO R, GRANIERI G, FAZIO P, CESNIK E, GRANIERI E et al. Incidence and prognosis of stroke in young adults: a population-based study in Ferrara, Italy. Neurol Sci 2012; 33: 53-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0654-9
KELLY PJ, CRISPINO G, SHEEHAN O, KELLY L, MARNANE M, MERWICK A et al. Incidence, event rates, and early outcome of stroke in Dublin, Ireland: the North Dublin population stroke study. Stroke 2012; 43: 2042-2047. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.111.645721
BJORN-MORTENSEN K, LYNGGAARD F, PEDERSEN ML. Incidence of Greenlandic stroke-survivors in Greenland: a 2-year cross-sectional study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2013; 72: 22626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ijch.v72i0.22626
PALM F, HENSCHKE N, WOLF J, ZIMMER K, SAFER A, SCHRÖDER RJ et al. Intracerebral haemorrhage in a population-based stroke registry (LuSSt): incidence, aetiology, functional outcome and mortality. J Neurol 2013; 260: 2541-2550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-013-7013-0
CORSO G, BOTTACCHI E, GIARDINI G, DI GIOVANNI M, MELONI T, CAMPAGNONI MP et al. Epidemiology of stroke in Northern Italy: the Cerebrovascular Aosta Registry, 2004-2008. Neurol Sci 2013; 34: 1071-1081. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-012-1185-8
JANES F, GIGLI GL, D'ANNA L, CANCELLI I, PERELLI A, CANAL G et al. Stroke incidence and 30-day and six-month case fatality rates in Udine, Italy: a population-based prospective study. Int J Stroke 2013; 8 (Suppl A100): 100-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijs.12000
STRANJALIS G, KALAMATIANOS T, GATZONIS S, LOUFARDAKI M, TZAVARA C, SAKAS DE. The incidence of the first-ever stroke in a Mediterranean island population: the isle of Lesvos stroke study. Neuroepidemiology 2014; 43: 206-212. https://doi.org/10.1159/000365849
KADOJIĆ D, DEMARIN V, DIKANOVIĆ M, LUSIĆ I, TUSKAN-MOHAR L, TRKANJEC Z et al. Incidence of stroke and transient ischemic attack in Croatia: a population based study. Coll Antropol 2015; 39: 723-727
SATUE E, VILA-CORCOLES A, OCHOA-GONDAR O, DE DIEGO C, FORCADELL MJ, RODRIGUEZ-BLANCO T et al. Incidence and risk conditions of ischemic stroke in older adults. Acta Neurol Scand 2016; 134: 250-257. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12535
RAMADAN H, PATTERSON C, MAGUIRE S, MELVIN I, KAIN K, TEALE E et al. Incidence of first stroke and ethnic differences in stroke pattern in Bradford, UK: Bradford Stroke Study. Int J Stroke 2018; 13: 374-378. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747493017743052
NZWALO H, NOGUEIRA J, FÉLIX C, GUILHERME P, BAPTISTA A, FIGUEIREDO T et al. Incidence and case-fatality from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in a southern region of Portugal. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380: 74-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.07.006
TSIVGOULIS G, PATOUSI A, PIKILIDOU M, BIRBILIS T, KATSANOS AH, MANTATZIS M et al. Stroke incidence and outcomes in Northeastern Greece: The Evros Stroke Registry. Stroke 2018; 49: 288-295. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.019524
DI CARLO A, LAUNER LJ, BRETELER MM, FRATIGLIONI MD, LOBO A, MARTÍNEZ-LAGE J et al. Frequency of stroke in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. ILSA Working Group and the Neurologic Diseases in the Elderly Research Group. Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurology 2000, 54 (Suppl 5): S28-33
AGUIAR DE SOUSA D, VON MARTIAL R, ABILLEIRA S, GATTRINGER T, KOBAYASHI A, GALLOFRÉ M et al. Access to and delivery of acute ischaemic stroke treatments: a survey of national scientific societies and stroke experts in 44 European countries. Eur Stroke J 2019; 4: 13-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396987318786023
BENJAMIN EJ, VIRANI SS, CALLAWAY CW, CHAMBERLAIN AM, CHANG AR, CHENG S et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics 2018 Update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2018; 137: e67-e492. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000558
FEIGIN VL, FOROUZANFAR MH, KRISHNAMURTHI R, MENSAH GA, CONNOR M, BENNETT DA et al. Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990–2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2014; 383: 245-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4
FEIGIN VL, NORRVING B, MENSAH GA. Global burden of stroke. Circ Res 2017; 120: 439-448. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308413
KOTON S, SCHNEIDER AL, ROSAMOND WD, SHAHAR E, SANG Y, GOTTESMAN RF et al. Stroke incidence and mortality trends in US communities, 1987 to 2011. JAMA 2014; 312: 259-268. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.7692
Williams GR. Incidence and characteristics of total stroke in the United States. BMC Neurol 2001; 1: 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-1-2
PATERSON KE, MYINT PK, JENNINGS A, BAIN LKM, LENTJES MAH, KHAW K et al. Mediterranean diet reduces risk of incident stroke in a population with varying cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Stroke 2018; 49: 2415-2420. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.020258
TAKASHIMA N, ARIMA H, KITA Y, FUJII T, MIYAMATSU N, KOMORI M et al. Incidence, management and short-term outcome of stroke in a general population of 1.4 million Japanese: Shiga stroke registry. Circ J 2017; 81: 1636-1646. https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-17-0177
IGUCHI Y, KIMURA K, SONE K, MIURA H, ENDO H, YAMAGATA D et al. stroke incidence and usage rate of thrombolysis in a Japanese urban city: the Kurashiki stroke registry. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 22: 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2011.09.015
MARUYAMA K, ISO H, DATE C, KIKUCHI S, WATANABE Y, WADA Y et al. Dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular deaths among middle-aged Japanese: JACC Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23: 519-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2011.10.007
O’DONNELL MJ, XAVIER D, LIU L, ZHANG H, CHIN SL, RAO-MELACINI P et al, in behalf of the INTERSTROKE investigators. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet 2010; 376: 112-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60834-3
FEIGIN VL, KRISHNAMURTHI R, BHATTACHARJEE R, PARMAR P, THEADOM A, HUSSEIN T et al., RIBURST Studet al.laboration Writing Group. New strategy to reduce the global burden of stroke. Stroke 2015; 46: 1740-1747. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.008222
LIM SS, VOS T, FLAXMAN AD, DANAEI G, SHIBUYA K, ADAIR-ROHANI H et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2224-2260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8
SUDLOW CLM, WARLOW CP. Comparing stroke incidence worldwide: what makes studies comparable? Stroke 1996; 27: 550-558. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.27.3.550
FEIGIN VL, LAWES CM, BENNETT DA, ANDERSON CS. Stroke epidemiology: a review of population-based studies of incidence, prevalence, and case-fatality in the late 20th century. Lancet Neurol 2003; 2: 43-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00266-7
##submission.downloads##
Argitaratuta
##submission.howToCite##
Zenbakia
Atala
##submission.license##
##submission.copyrightStatement##
##submission.license.cc.by-sa4.footer##La revista Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra es publicada por el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra (España), quien conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright ) sobre el artículo publicado y favorece y permite la difusión del mismo bajo licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0). Esta licencia permite copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente el artículo, siempre que siempre que se cite la autoría y la publicación inicial en Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, y se distinga la existencia de esta licencia de uso.
