Urge capacitar a los gobiernos locales para la intersectorialidad por la salud: un policy brief
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0917Palabras clave:
Policy brief, Creación de Capacidad, Promoción de la Salud, Gobiernos locales, Colaboración intersectorialResumen
Los gobiernos locales tienen un rol fundamental en la promoción de la salud de las poblaciones sobre las cuales gobiernan. Sin embargo, existen múltiples barreras para implementar enfoques que integran la perspectiva de la salud en todos los sectores, tales como el enfoque de la Salud en Todas las Políticas o la gobernanza por la salud. En este documento se presentan tres recomendaciones para avanzar en este ámbito; dos de ellas, el establecimiento de partidas presupuestarias específicas y el uso de herramientas para medir el impacto de las políticas en salud, se basan en los apuntes más frecuentemente encontrados en la literatura. Los autores proponen una tercera, la creación de capacidad (capacity building), con el fin de facilitar escenarios en los gobiernos locales que permitan asentar las bases necesarias para promover la salud de forma intersectorial y establecer relaciones sinérgicas entre las distintas recomendaciones.
Descargas
Citas
World Health Organization. Addresing the social determinants of health: the urban dimension and the role of local government. Denmark 2012. https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/166136/UrbanDimensions.pdf
Jansson EV, Tillgren PE. Health promotion at local level: a case study of content, organization and development in four Swedish municipalities. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 455. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-455
The Health Foundation. What makes us healthy? An introduction to the social determinants of health. 2018: 62. Available from: http://www.health.org.uk/sites/health/files/What-makes-us-healthy-quick-guide.pdf
CSDH. Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2008. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/43943/9789241563703_eng.pdf
KESHAVARZ MOHAMMADI N, TAHERI F, MOTALLEBI M, YAZDANPANAH A, KHOSRAVI Y, BORHANI JEBELI M et al. Development of a national conceptual framework and measuring tool for Organisational Social Responsibility and Accountability for Health (OSRAH). Glob Health Promot 2019; 27: 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757975918789346
VAN VLIET-BROWN CE, SHAHRAM S, OELKE ND. Health in All Policies utilization by municipal governments: scoping review. Health Promot Int 2017. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dax008
GUGLIELMIN M, MUNTANER C, O’CAMPO P, SHANKARDASS K. A scoping review of the implementation of health in all policies at the local level. Health Policy (New York) 2018; 122: 284-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.12.005
CAREY G, FRIEL S. Understanding the role of public administration in implementing action on the social determinants of health and health inequities. Int J Heal Policy Manag 2015 ; 4(12): 795-798. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2015.185
FOSSE E, HELGESEN MK, HAGEN S, TORP S. Addressing the social determinants of health at the local level: opportunities and challenges. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46 (Suppl 20): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817743896
HOLT DH, CAREY G, ROD MH. Time to dismiss the idea of a structural fix within government? An analysis of intersectoral action for health in Danish municipalities. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46 (Suppl 22): 48-57. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818765705
SCHEELE CE, LITTLE I, DIDERICHSEN F. Governing health equity in Scandinavian municipalities: the inter-sectorial challenge. Scand J Public Health 2018; 46: 57-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494816685538
JANCEY J, BARNETT L, SMITH J, BINNS C, HOWAT P. We need a comprehensive approach to health promotion. Heal Promot J Aust 2016 ; 27: 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1071/hev27n1_ed
FREILER A, MUNTANER C, SHANKARDASS K, MAH CL, MOLNAR A, RENAHY E et al. Glossary for the implementation of Health in All Policies (HiAP). J Epidemiol Community Health 2013; 67: 1068-1072. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2013-202731
HOLT DH, ROD MH, WALDORFF SB, TJØRNHØJ-THOMSEN T. Elusive implementation: an ethnographic study of intersectoral policymaking for health. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18: 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-2864-9
WEISS D, LILLEFJELL M, MAGNUS E. Facilitators for the development and implementation of health promoting policy and programs – a scoping review at the local community level. BMC Public Health 2016; 16: 140. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2811-9
SYNNEVÅG ES, AMDAM R, FOSSE E. Intersectoral planning for public health: dilemmas and challenges. Int J Heal Policy Manag 2018; 7: 982-992. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2018.59
MATEU I SERRA A. Salud en Todas las Políticas e intersectorialidad en la promoción de la salud: el Plan Interdepartamental de Salud Pública (PINSAP) de Cataluña. Med Clin (Barc) 2015; 145: 34-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7753(15)30036-1
BORRELL C, PASARÍN MI, DÍEZ E, PÉREZ K, MALMUSI D, PÉREZ G et al. Las desigualdades en salud como prioridad política en Barcelona. Gac Sanit 2020; 34: 69-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.04.004
MCGUIRE F, VIJAYASINGHAM L, VASSALL A, SMALL R, WEBB D, GUTHRIE T et al. Financing intersectoral action for health: a systematic review of co-financing models. Global Health 2019; 15: 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0513-7
MELKAS T. Health in all policies as a priority in Finnish health policy: a case study on national health policy development. Scand J Public Health 2013; 41(Suppl 11): 3-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494812472296
HAGEN S, TORP S, HELGESEN M, FOSSE E. Promoting health by addressing living conditions in Norwegian municipalities. Health Promot Int 2016; 32: 977-987. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daw052
VELA-RÍOS J, RODRÍGUEZ-RASERO FJ, MOYA-RUANO LA, CANDAU-BEJARANO A, RUIZ-FERNÁNDEZ J. Institucionalización de la evaluación del impacto en la salud en Andalucía. Gac Sanit 2016; 30: 81-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.08.009
MORTERUEL M. Valoración de la efectividad y sus determinantes de las Evaluaciones de Impacto en Salud en el estado español. Tesis doctoral: Universidad del País Vasco, 2017. https://www.ehu.eus/documents/3638427/7319509/Tesis-Maite-Morteruel.pdf
HOLT DH, FROHLICH KL, TJØRNHØJ-THOMSEN T, CLAVIER C. Intersectoriality in Danish municipalities: corrupting the social determinants of health? Health Promot Int 2017; 32: 881-890. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daw020
Organización Mundial de la Salud, Centro OMS para el Desarrollo Sanitario. Urban HEART : instrumento de evaluación y respuesta en materia de equidad sanitaria en los medios urbanos. Kobe: World Health Organization, 2010. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/79063
NOVOA AM, PÉREZ G, ESPELT A, ECHAVE C, DE OLALLA PG, CALVO MJ et al. The experience of implementing urban HEART Barcelona: a tool for action. J Urban Health 2018; 95: 647-661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-017-0194-6.
LARSEN M, RANTALA R, KOUDENBURG OA, GULIS G. Intersectoral action for health: the experience of a Danish municipality. Scand J Public Health 2014; 42: 649-657. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494814544397
World Health Organization. Health Promotion Glossary. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1998. https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/about/HPR%20Glossary%201998.pdf?ua
VON HEIMBURG D, HAKKEBO B. Health and equity in all policies in local government: processes and outcomes in two Norwegian municipalities. Scand J Public Health 2017; 45 (Suppl 18): 68-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817705804
BERGERON K, ABDI S, DECORBY K, MENSAH G, REMPEL B, MANSON H. Theories, models and frameworks used in capacity building interventions relevant to public health: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2017; 17: 914. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4919-y
STORM I, DEN HERTOG F, VAN OERS H, SCHUIT AJ. How to improve collaboration between the public health sector and other policy sectors to reduce health inequalities? – A study in sixteen municipalities in the Netherlands. Int J Equity Health 2016; 15: 97. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-016-0384-y
VAN RINSUM CE, GERARDS SMPL, RUTTEN GM, VAN DE GOOR IAM, KREMERS SPJ. Health brokers: how can they help deal with the wickedness of public health problems? Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1979153
HARTING J, KUNST AE, KWAN A, STRONKS K. A “health broker” role as a catalyst of change to promote health: an experiment in deprived Dutch neighbourhoods. Health Promot Int 2011; 26: 65-81. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daq069
New South Wales Health Department. A framework for building capacity to improve health. Gladesville: New South Wales Health Department, 2001.
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2020 Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
La revista Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra es publicada por el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra (España), quien conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright ) sobre el artículo publicado y favorece y permite la difusión del mismo bajo licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0). Esta licencia permite copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente el artículo, siempre que siempre que se cite la autoría y la publicación inicial en Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, y se distinga la existencia de esta licencia de uso.
