Those Who Understand: Knowledge Growth in Teaching

Authors

  • Lee Shulman Stanford University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30827/profesorado.v23i3.11230

Keywords:

Teacher Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Forms of Knowledge, Knouledge and Understand

Abstract

The paper presents the results of an extensive and  relevant research program “Knowledge Growth in Teaching”.  Their results show that to teach not only content knowledge is required, in addition a “Pedagogical content knowledge” is needed, together with the context knowledge (curricular knowledge). Therefore, in addition to knowledge, teaching well requires understanding. Those who understand, then, teach.

References

Anderson, L. Evertson, C. & Brophy, J. (1979). An experimental study of effective teaching in first-grade reading groups. Elementary School Journal, 79(4), 343-356.

Geertz, C. (1983). Blurred genres: The refiguration of social thought. In C. Geertz (Ed.), Local Knowledge. New York: Basic Books [Ed. Cast.: Géneros confusos: la refiguración del pensamiento social. En: Conocimiento local. Ensayos sobre la interpretación de las culturas. Barcelona: Paidós, 1994, 31-49].

Hoffman, N. (1981). Women's “true” profession. Old Westbury, NY: Feminist Press.

Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Kounin, J. (1970). Discipline and group management in classrooms. New York: Holt, Rinehard & Winston.

Ong, W.J. (1958). Ramus, method and the decay of dialogue. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Rashdall, H. (1936). The universities of Europe in the middle ages. London: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1895).

Rowe, M.B. (1974). Wait-time and rewards as instructional variables, their influence in language, logic, and fate control: Part II, Rewards. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 11(4), 291-308.

Schwab, J.J. (1978). Science, curriculum and liberal education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Shulman, L.S. (1981). Disciplines of inquiry in education: An overview. Educational Researcher, 10(6), 5-12, 23.

Shulman, L.S. (1983). Autonomy and obligation: The remote control of teaching. In L.S. Shulman & G. Sykes (Eds.), Handbook of Teaching and Policy. New York: Longman.

Shulman, L.S. (1984). The practical and the eclectic: A deliberation on teaching and educational research. Curriculum Inquiry, 14(2), 183-200.

Shulman, L.S. (1986). Paradigms and research programs for the study of teaching. In

M.C. Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan [Ed. Cast.: Paradigmas y programas de investigación en el estudio de la enseñanza: una perspectiva contemporánea. En M.C. Wittrock (Ed.), Investigación de la enseñanza. Vol. I. Barcelona: Paidós, 1989, 9-91].

Wheelwright, P. (Ed.). (1951). Aristotle. New York: Odyssey.