Más allá de la empatía, hay que cultivar la confianza: Claves para el reencuentro intercultural
Resum
Revista CIDOB d'Afers Internacionals, nº. 61-62
Cuatrimestral (mayo-junio 2003)
ISSN:1133-6595
El autor opina que cuando se trata de un encuentro intercultural, los riesgos de desacuerdos se incrementan por malentendidos interculturales y surge la dificultad de llegar a una relación de confianza. Para conseguir este clima de confianza es conveniente examinar previamente ciertos problemas teóricos generales de la comunicación y, en particular, los que plantean las situaciones interculturales. En primer lugar habla del conflicto, y distingue entre conflicto cognitivo y afectivo para pasar después a las condiciones psicosociales de la gestión de los conflictos. ¿Cuáles son los factores que condicionan el éxito de los intercambios
interculturales? Hay que reconsiderar las teorías de la comunicación de manera que sean capaces de explicar las interacciones interculturales. Para el autor una situación intercultural se produce a partir del momento en que personas o grupos no comparten los mismos universos de significaciones y las mismas formas de expresión de estas significaciones. Una propuesta tanto para la comunicación como para la gestión del conflicto se encuentra en la teoría de una cultura provisional (culture tierce) que permite ajustamientos temporales para alcanzar objetivos comunes. En la creación de este espacio, la confianza tiene un papel central, ya que ésta es necesaria en cualquier intercambio, pero sobre todo es crucial en situaciones interculturales, debido a la complejidad de éstas.
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