El impacto de China en América Latina
Palabras clave:
China, América Latina, exportaciones, importaciones, inversiones extranjeras, competitividadResumen
Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, nº 85-86
Cuatrimestral (mayo 2009)
ISSN:1133-6595 | E-ISSN:2013-035X
El rápido crecimiento económico y el aumento de la apertura al mundo de China fueron uno de los desarrollos más importantes de la economía global en el último cuarto del siglo pasado. El presente trabajo analiza el impacto de China en las economías latinoamericanas, principalmente los retos que este país plantea para la región. Se abordan, por un lado, los crecientes impactos directos del comercio bilateral y los flujos de inversión entre China y América Latina; y, por el otro, los impactos indirectos asociados a la competitividad china en los mercados de exportación y para la inversión directa extranjera, así como los términos positivos de los efectos del comercio desde la creciente demanda china de materias primas. Los retos identificados incluyen el reciente rápido incremento de la competitividad desde las importaciones chinas en el mercado latinoamericano, la concentración de exportaciones a China en una gama muy estrecha de productos primarios y la distribución desigual de los beneficios del comercio con China dentro de América Latina.
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