Evolution of Co-Housing in Europe (1990–2017): A bibliography and case study

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37230/CyTET.2025.225.24

Keywords:

Co-housing, Collaborative living, Network analysis, Study cases, Systematic review

Abstract

This study analyzes the evolution of CoHousing (CH) in Europe during the period 2017-2024, expanding and updating the work of Lang, Carriou & Czischke (2020). To achieve this, we carried out a systematic review of the academic literature, revising and updating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and complementing it with an analysis of the cases identified in the reviewed articles. The resulting thematic categorization has allowed the identification of new emerging categories, such as “necessity” or “technology”, and highlights key areas such as “senior CH” or “alternative lifestyle”. Additionally, the study incorporates a co-occurrence network analysis, which reveals the interconnections between the research themes, highlighting the centrality of concepts like “alternative lifestyle”. Finally, the case analysis shows a remarkable diversity of approaches and allows us to observe a certain divergence between the topics addressed in academic research and the practical implementation of cohousing.

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References

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6.1. Artículos del estudio citados en el cuerpo del artículo

ABREU-CORDEIRO, B., SZCZYGIEL, N. & DA-COSTA-DIAS, A. A. (2023): EMBRACING COHOUSING: ADVANCING SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL HOUSING MODELS FOR THE FUTURE. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2023.27.2.04

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ARBELL, Y. (2021): Beyond Affordability: English Cohousing Communities as White Middle-Class Spaces, Housing, Theory and Society, 39:4, 442-463, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.20211998217

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BABOS, A., SZABÓ, J., ORBÁN, A. & BENKŐ, M. (2020): Sharing-Based Co-Housing Categorization. A Structural Overview of the Terms and Characteristics Used in Urban Co-Housing [A lakhatási formák megosztás-alapú kategorizálása. városi lakhatási formák angol nyelvű terminológiájának áttekintése]. Építés - Építészettudomány, 48(3-4), 331-355. https://doi.org/10.1556/096.2020.009

BECK, A. F. (2019): What Is Co-Housing? Developing a Conceptual Framework from the Studies of Danish Intergenerational Co-Housing. Housing, Theory and Society, 37(1), 40–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2019.1633398

BELČIČ, A. & ELOY, S. (2023): Architecture for Community-Based Ageing—A Shape Grammar for Transforming Typical Single-Family Houses into Older People’s Cohousing in Slovenia. Buildings. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020453

BERGAN, L. T., GORMAN-MURRAY, A. & POWER. E. R. (2020): Coliving housing: home cultures of precarity for the new creative class, Social & Cultural Geography, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2020.1734230

BIGONNESSE, C., WEEKS, L., PUPLAMPU, V., PARIS, M., DUPUIS-BLANCHARD, S., MCINNIS-PERRY, G. J. & HACHÉ-CHIASSON, A. (2022): Cohousing communities on social determinants of health in later life: a scoping review protocol. Journal of Aging & Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.11124/jbies-22-00068

CAMPILLO-ALMAJANO, A. & LLORCA-PONCE, A. (2022): “Acces to housing. Advantages and disavantages of cohousing.” In Proceedings of 3rd Valencia International Biennial of Research in Architecture. Changing priorities. Valencia. 2022. https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2022.202215277

CARRERE, J., REYES, A., OLIVERAS, L. et al. (2020): The Effects Of Cohousing Model On People’s Health & Wellbeing: A Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 41, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-020-00138-1

DE-JORGE-HUERTAS, V. (2020): Collaborative designing of communities: Helsinki and Zurich pioneers. ACE: Architecture, City and Environment, 15(43), Article 9012. https://doi.org/10.5821/ace.15.43.9012

DE-JORGE-HUERTAS, V. & DE-JORGE-MORENO, J. (2024): Typology and Interiority of Cohousing in Europe 1981–2021. Interiority, 7 (1), 79-100. https://doi.org/10.7454/in.v7i1317

FELSTEAD, A. & THWAITES, K. (2023): A grounded pattern language: testing a methodology for exploring cohousing residents’ involvement in shared outdoor spaces. Journal of Urban Design. https://doi.org/10.1080/15710882.2023.2289028

GARCÍA-PÉREZ, A. & MOYA-GONZÁLEZ, L. (2018): El cohousing como una alternativa a las nuevas dinámicas de habitar en la ciudad de Madrid. Ciudad y Territorio Estudios Territoriales, 50(195), 71–84. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/CyTET/article/view/76610

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HACKE, U., MÜLLER, K. & DÜTSCHKE, E. (2019): Cohousing - social impacts and major implementation challenges. Gaia https://doi.org/10.14512/gaia.28.S1.10

IZUHARA, M., WEST, K., HUDSON, J., FELSTEAD, A., FERNÁNDEZ-ARRIGOITIA, M. & SCANLON, K. (2024): Cohousing and the role of intermediaries in later life transitions. Ageing and Society. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x24000497

JAKOBSEN, P. & LARSEN, H. G. (2018): An alternative for whom? The evolution and socio-economy of Danish cohousing. Urban Research & Practice, 12(4), 414–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/17535069.2018.1465582

JESKE, I. J., HAGBERT, P. & ENGSTRÖM, E. (2024): Sustainability potentials of collaborative housing and the barriers to realisation: a systematic review, International Journal of Housing Policy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2024.2438270

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MARKIEWICZ, E. (2024): Cohousing as a form of social innovation: Challenges in a new geopolitical situation in Poland. Polish Journal of Social Science. https://doi.org/10.19195/2658-1310.29.3.14

MERTENS, A., CONIASSE, L. & ELSEN, C. (2024): Towards Empowering Cohousing Communities: Finding Balance with a Group of Users-clients Throughout the Architectural Process. Design Research Society. https://doi.org/10.21606/drs.2024.462

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PFAFF, R. & TRENTHAM, B. (2020): Rethinking home: Exploring older adults’ occupational engagement in senior cohousing. Journal of Occupational Science, 29(4), 562–576. https://doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2020.1821755

REGODON, A., ARMAND, M., LASTRES, C., DE-PEDRO, J. & GARCÍA-SANTOS, A. (2021): Data-Driven Methodology for Coliving Spaces and Space Profiling Based on Post-Occupancy Evaluation through Digital Trail of Users. Sustainability, 13(22), 12607. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212607

RICCÒ, I., ANLEU-HERNÁNDEZ, C. M. & DE-STEFANI, A. (2024): Implementing a Senior Community Care Model: An Italian Top‐Down Cohousing Project and Nursing Home. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.17645/si.7404

SCHAFF, G., VANRIE, J., COURTEJOIE, F. et al. (2023): Architecture and ageing: lessons learned from a cohousing project. J Hous & the Built Environ 38.2345–71 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-023-10039-9

SCHELISCH, L., SPELLERBERG, A. & VOLLMER, M. (2019): The Cooperative as Legal Form for Cohousing Projects in the German State of Rhineland-Palatinate: A Status Report. Built Environment (1978-), 45(3), 416–429. http://www.jstor.org/stable/45216296

SCHETSCHE, C., JAUME, L. C., GAGO-GALVAGNO, L. & ELGIER, A. M. (2021): Living in Cohousing Communities: Personality Traits and Trait Emotional Intelligence. European Journal of Mental Health, 16(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.5708/EJMH.16.2021.2.8

SIRVENT-PÉREZ, C. D. & LUENGO-ANGULO, M. (2024): Coliving: la apropiación capitalista de tipos arquitectónicos soviéticos.. Constelaciones. https://doi.org/10.31921/constelaciones.n12a2

TORTOSA-CHULIÁ, M. Á. & SUNDSTRÖM, G. (2022): El cohousing senior en España. Cambios desde la economía social en los alojamientos y en la economía de los cuidados para personas mayores. CIRIEC-España, Revista de economía Pública, Social y Cooperativa, (104), 303–331. https://doi.org/10.7203/CIRIEC-E.104.21435

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6.2. Resto artículos del estudio

ANDERSEN, M. A. & LYHNE, M. B. (2022): Co-creating Danish cohousing. Architectural Research Quarterly, 26(2), 197–208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1359135522000355

ARENTSHORST, M.E. , REINIER-KLOET, R. & PEINE, A. (2019): Intergenerational Housing: The Case of Humanitas Netherlands, Journal of Housing For the Elderly, 33:3, 244-256, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02763893.2018.1561592

BLOMBERG, I.& K. KÄRNEKULL. (2019): Do-It-Yourself: The Stony Road To Cohousing In Sweden. Built Environment 45 (3): 280-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2148/BENV.45.3.280

BOSSUYT, D. (2021): Who owns collaborative housing? A conceptual typology of property regimes. Housing, Theory and Society, 39(2), 200–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.20211888788

BURA, A. (2018): Cohousing – an intended neighbourhood. Przestrzeń i Forma; 2018, 36; 127-140

CASTILLA-MORA, M. R., MARTÍN-GONZÁLEZ, L. & PALMA-GARCÍA, M. DE-LAS-OLAS. (2024): Cohousing Senior: un modelo de convivencia para conocer y aprender desde el Trabajo Social.. Azarbe. https://doi.org/10.6018/azarbe.604761

CASIER, C. (2023): The coliving market as an emergent financialized niche real estate sector: a view from Brussels, Housing Studies, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2023.2176833

DE-JORGE-HUERTAS, V. (2019): Baugruppen: Innovation through collaborative infrastructures. TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, 17.171–182. https://doi.org/10.13128/Techne-23879

FABBO, A., NEVIANI, F., VALENTINI, L., LUPPI, E. & BERTOLOTTI, M. (2020): Cohousing for people living with dementia: The Modena experience. Alzheimer's Dement., 16: e044046. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.044046

GLASS, A. P. (2019): Sense of community, loneliness, and satisfaction in five elder cohousing neighborhoods. Journal of Women & Aging, 32(1), 3–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2019.1681888

HAMMOND, M. (2018): Spatial Agency: Creating New Opportunities for Sharing and Collaboration in Older People’s Cohousing. Urban Science, 2(3), 64. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2030064

HORŇÁKOVÁ, M., JÍCHOVÁ, J. (2020): Deciding where to live: case study of cohousing-inspired residential project in Prague. J.Hous and the Built Environ 35.807–827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-019-09714-7

JEPMA, M., SAVINI, F. & COPPOLA, A. (2024): Property and values: the affordability, accessibility, and autonomy of collaborative housing. International Journal of Housing Policy, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2024.2388924

KHATIBI, M. (2021): A Socio-spatial Approach to the First Legal Hall Cohousing Setting in Switzerland: The Case Study of Hallenwohnen in Zurich, Research Square https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1172770/v1

LARSEN, H. G. (2019): Three phases of Danish cohousing: tenure and the development of an alternative housing form, Housing Studies, 34:8, 1349-1371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1569599

MALGORZATA, K. (2018): Senior cohousing in the context of an ageing society, MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne, p. 109-125.

MEDAR, K. & ČURČIĆ, A. (2021): Cohousing And Coliving - Comparative Analysis Of Two Alternative Housing Typologies By Reviewing Contemporary Trends. Facta Universitatis. https://doi.org/10.2298/FUACE210329007MM

PALACIOS-CEÑA, D, MARTÍN-TEJEDOR E.A., ELÍAS-ELISPURU A, GARATE-SAMANIEGO A, PÉREZ-CORRALES J, GARCÍA-GARCÍA E. (2018): The impact of a short-term cohousing initiative among schizophrenia patients, high school students, and their social context: A qualitative case study. PLoS ONE 13(1): e0190895. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190895

PIRITY, Á. & KISSFAZEKAS, K. (2023): The first community housing model constructed in Hungary–The collective house in Miskolc. Spatium, 010-019.

SCHETSCHE, C., JAUME, L. C., GAGO-GALVAGNO, L. & ELGIER, ÁNGEL. (2020): Living in Cohousing Communities: Psychological Effects and Coping Strategies in Times of COVID-19. Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships, 14(2), 169-182. https://doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v14i24257

SOSA-RAMÍREZ, R., VÁZQUEZ-CANO, E., DÍAZ-DÍAZ, N., LÓPEZ-MENESES, E. (2024): Explorando tendencias sociales en las discusiones sobre cohousing y coliving en X(Twitter) mediante el uso de técnicas de PNL y de análisis de texto. Pixel Bit. https://doi.org/10.12795/pixelbit.107991

SOSA-RAMÍREZ, R., VÁZQUEZ-CANO, E., DÍAZ-DÍAZ, N., LÓPEZ-MENESES, E. ;. MENA-GUACAS, A.F. (2024): Cohousing: A Bibliographic Review of Collaborative Living in Scopus: Trends and Perspectives. Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.62.69

TORÍO-LÓPEZ, S., VIÑUELA-HERNÁNDEZ, P. & GARCÍA-PÉREZ, O. (2018): Experiencias de vejez vital. Senior Cohousing: autonomía y participación / Experiences of active aging. Senior cohousing: autonomy and participation. Aula Abierta, 47(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.17811/rifie.47.12018.79-86

VAN-OEL, C., BERGSMA, W. & SPINNEWIJN, R. (2022): Cohousing for elderly. Social Science & Medicine. https://doi.org/10.24404/6238a30ac67ecd11c2a0f308

WANG, J., HADJRI, K., BENNETT, S. & MORRIS, D. (2020): The role of cohousing in social communication and sustainable living environments. WIT Transactions on The Built Environment https://doi.org/10.2495/GD170201

WANG, J., PAN, Y. & HADJRI, K. (2018): Creative Housing Design: Promoting sustainable living in cohousing community in the UK. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 3(8), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i8.1358

Published

2025-10-16

How to Cite

Ruiz-Vernacci, D., Lacilla-Larrodé, M.-E., & Rodríguez-Tejedo, I. (2025). Evolution of Co-Housing in Europe (1990–2017): A bibliography and case study. Ciudad Y Territorio Estudios Territoriales, 57(225), 498–521. https://doi.org/10.37230/CyTET.2025.225.24

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