Risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among health professionals in Spain

Authors

  • J.L. Valera Felices Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitari Son Espases. Palma de Mallorca. España
  • A. Gimeno Cardells Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe. Valencia. España
  • M.A. Gimeno Peribañez Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario Dr. Josep Trueta. Girona. España.
  • D. Díaz-Pérez Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria. Tenerife. España.
  • S. Miranda Valladares Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria. Tenerife. España.
  • D. Peña-Otero Subdirección de Cuidados. Servicio Cántabro de Salud. Hospital de Sierrallana. Torrelavega. Cantabria. España.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0971

Keywords:

Personal protective equipment, Occupational exposure, Education, Health personal, SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Background. Occupational infection rates for SARS-CoV-2 among health professionals in Spain are high in comparison to other countries. The objective of the study was to describe and analyze the risk factors associated with this transmission.

Methods. Cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic snowball sampling of health professionals (medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, auxiliary care) of different levels of care (primary care, hospital, nursing homes, etc.), who were in contact or not with patients with COVID-19, in June 2020 in Spain. We prepared an electronic survey of 81 questions structured in four blocks: sociodemographic variables, knowledge about COVID-19, availability and use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and environmental protection measures and training received.

Results. 855 health workers responded, 81.5% women and the mean age was 44 years (28-68). 93.4% knew the main symptoms but 40.4% did not identify the route of transmission via droplets and contact. 67.5% of them cared for COVID-19 patients without adequate PPE and 29.1% wore the same PPE continuously for more than 4 hours. 25.6% of workers had not received any type of training in donning and removing the PPE and 61.2% of them were unable to previously practice the process. The frequency of coronavirus infection among health professionals was 19.4%, which is higher in those professionals who had not received specific training (25.8 vs 17.2%, p = 0.009).

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

HU Y, SUN J, DAI Z, DENG H, LI X, HUANG Q et al. Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Virol 2020; 127: 104371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104371

HAIYANG Y, XU H, GUANLAN Z. Aspectos importantes de prevención del personal sanitario en los hospitales durante la epidemia del nuevo coronavirus 2019. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2020; 94: e202007080.

ROCCHETTI NS, COLAUTTI MA, AMARILLA DI, ROVERE M. Efectos colaterales de la pandemia por Covid-19 para la salud pública. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2020; 94: e202010117.

Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Gobierno de España. Informe sobre la situación de COVID-19 en personal sanitario en España a 21 de mayo de 2020. Enlace.

GARCÍA-SIERRA RM, BADÍA PERICH E, MANRESA DOMÍNGUEZ JM, MORENO MILLÁN N, SABATÉ CINTAS V, ROMERO MARTÍNEZ M et al. Estudio descriptivo de los trabajadores de servicios sanitarios de una dirección de atención primaria confinados por Covid-19. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2020; 94: e202009106.

HOUGHTON C, MESKELL P, DELANEY H, SMALLE M, GLENTON C, BOOTH A et al. Barriers and facilitators to healthcare workers’ adherence with infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines for respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 4: CD013582. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013582

LUONG THANH BY, LAOPAIBOON M, KOH D, SAKUNKOO P, MOE H. Behavioural interventions to promote workers' use of respiratory protective equipment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 12: CD010157. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010157.pub2

LIU Y, NING Z, CHEN Y, GUO M, LIU Y, GALI NK et al. Aerodynamic characteristics and RNA concentration of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol in Wuhan hospitals during COVID-19 outbreak (preprint). bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.08.982637

Ministerio de Sanidad. Gobierno de España. Procedimiento de actuación para los servicios de prevención de riesgos laborales frente a la exposición al SARS‐CoV‐2 del Ministerio de Sanidad del Gobierno de España. https://www.semg.es/images/2020/Coronavirus/PrevencionRRLL_COVID-19.pdf

WANG Q, GUO JY, SUN H, WANG L, YING JS, LIU HX. [Investigation of protective exposure risk events in nurses against corona virus disease 2019 in Wuhan]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2020; 52: 711-714. https//doi.org/10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.04.022

YUAN L, CHEN S, XU Y. Donning and doffing of personal protective equipment protocol and key points of nursing care for patients with COVID-19 in ICU. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2020; 5: 302-307. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2020-000456

PARUSH A, WACHT O, GOMES R, FRENKEL A. Human factor considerations in using personal protective equipment in the COVID-19 pandemic context: binational survey study. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22: e19947. https://doi.org/10.2196/19947

NGUYEN LH, DREW DA, GRAHAM MS, JOSHI AD, GUO CG, MA W et al, Coronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology Consortium. Risk of COVID-19 among front-line health-care workers and the general community: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Public Health 2020; 5: e475-e483. https//doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30164-X

JONES P, ROBERTS S, HOTU C, KAMONA S. What proportion of healthcare worker masks carry virus? A systematic review. Emerg Med Australas 2020; 32: 823-829. https//doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13581

JIN Y, HUANG Q, WANG Y, ZENG X, LUO L, PAN Z et al. Perceived infection transmission routes, infection control practices, psychosocial changes, and management of COVID-19 infected healthcare workers in a tertiary acute care hospital in Wuhan: a cross-sectional survey. Mil Med Res 2020; 7: 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-00254-8

GARCÍA-IGLESIAS JJ, GÓMEZ-SALGADO J, MARTÍN PEREIRA J, FAGUNDO-RIVERA J, AYUSO- MURILLO D, MARTÍNEZ-RIERA JR et al. Impacto del SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) en la salud mental de los profesionales sanitarios: una revisión sistemática. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2020; 94: e202007088.

CHERSICH MF, GRAY G, FAIRLIE L, EICHBAUM Q, MAYHEW S, ALLWOOD B et al. COVID-19 in Africa: care and protection for frontline healthcare workers. Global Health 2020; 16: 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00574-3

GORDON C, THOMPSON A. Use of personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Nurs 2020; 29: 748-752 https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2020.29.13.748

Downloads

Published

2021-12-27

How to Cite

Valera Felices, J., Gimeno Cardells, A., Gimeno Peribañez, M., Díaz-Pérez, D., Miranda Valladares, S., & Peña-Otero, D. (2021). Risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among health professionals in Spain. Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra, 44(3), 397–404. https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0971

Issue

Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): September - December 2021

Section

Research articles

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

La revista Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra es publicada por el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra (España), quien conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright ) sobre el artículo publicado y favorece y permite la difusión del mismo bajo licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0). Esta licencia permite copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente el artículo, siempre que siempre que se cite la autoría y la publicación inicial en Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, y se distinga la existencia de esta licencia de uso.