Framing populism in France through the 2017 presidential election speeches by the leading candidates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21308/recp.52.01Keywords:
Populism, discourse analysis, France, electionsAbstract
Populism has become a defining feature of European and world politics. During the last decade, major drastic changes in the political landscape have occurred, with France appearing as a singular example: none of the two candidates who made it to the second round of the presidential elections were from the traditionally dominant center-left and center-right parties. This paper analyzes the presence of populism in the political narratives by the main political contenders in the French presidential elections held in 2017. It does so through a discourse analysis of some of their most widely seen political speeches around the campaign, providing an overview of the different framing techniques used by each candidate and their degree and type of populism.
Downloads
References
Albertazzi, Danielle and Duncan McDonnell (eds). 2008. Twenty-first century populism. London: Palgrave McMillan. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230592100.
Ardèvol-Abreu, Alberto. 2015. “Framing o teoría del encuadre en comunicación. Orígenes, desarrollo y panorama actual en España”, Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 70: 423-450. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4185/RLCS-2015-1053.
Birnbaum, Pierre. 2017. «Les ‘gens’ contre ‘l’oligarchie’ : le discours de La France insoumise», Cités, 72 (4): 163-173. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3917/cite.072.0163.
Charaudeau, Patrick. 2005. Le discours politique. Les masques du pouvoir. Paris: Vuibert.
Dieckhoff, Alain. 2018. Populisme, mode d’emploi. Les Dossiers du CERI, SciencesPo, February 2018. Available at: http://bit.ly/2vt1CMA.
ELABE. 2017. Débat : Le plus convaincant. Sondage ELABE pour BFMTV. Études & sondages, 21-3-2017. Available at http://bit.ly/2vuNti0.
Entman, Robert M. 1993. “Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm”, Journal of Communication, 43 (4): 51-58 Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x.
Europe1. 2017. «Premier débat de la présidentielle : TF1 et LCI recevront les cinq principaux candidats le 20 mars», Europe1, 16-5-2017. Available online at: http://bit.ly/2TUsM8q.
Fieschi, Catherine. 2004. Fascism, Populism, and the French Fifth Republic: In the Shadow of Democracy. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Havlík, Vladimír and Aneta Pinková. 2012. “Seeking a Theoretical Framework: How to Define and Identify Populist Parties?”, in Vladimír Havlík (ed.), Populist Political Parties in East Central Europe. Brno: Muni Press.
Hawkins, Kirk A., Ryan E. Carlin, Levente Littvay and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser (eds.). 2019. The Ideational Approach to populism. Concept, theory and analysis. New York: Routledge. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315196923.
IFOP-Fiducial. 2017. Rolling 2017. L’élection présidentielle en temps réel. Available at: http://bit.ly/2TUeoNu.
IPSOS. 2017. 1erTour sociologie des électorats et profils des abstentionnistes. Available at: http://bit.ly/3d5NTfq.
Ivaldi, Gilles. 2018. “Populisme et choix électoral. Analyse des effets des attitudes populistes sur l’orientation du vote”, Revue française de science politique, 68 (5): 847-872.
Ivaldi, Gilles, Andrej Zaslove and Agnes Akkerman. 2017. La France populiste ? Note de recherche ENEF/Sciences Po-CEVIPOF, 30. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3917/rfsp.685.0847.
Kriesi, Hanspeter and Takis Pappas. 2015. European Populism in the shadow of the great depression. Colchester: ECPR.
Kubicek, Paul. 2017. European Politics. New York: Routledge. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315616919.
Laclau, Ernesto. 1977. Politics and Ideology in Marxist Theory: Capitalism, Fascism, Populism. London: NLB.
Laclau, Ernesto. 2005. La razón populista. Madrid: Fondo de Cultura Económica de España.
Lazhortes, Frédéric. 2017. “La présidentielle 2017 ou la fragilité du lien démocratique”, Études, 4: 43-54.
Levy, Jean-Daniel, Pierre-Hadrien Bartoli and Justine Ducroz. 2017. Enquête post 1er débat de l’élection présidentielle de 2017. Harris Interactive. Available online at: http://bit.ly/2IU1ad6.
Mayer, Nonna. 2005. “Radical Right Populism in France How much of the 2002 Le Pen votes does populism explain?”, paper presented at the Symposium Globalization and the Radical Right Populism, 11-12 April, Beersheba, Israel.
Mazzoleni, Gianpetro, Julianne Stewart and Bruce Horsfield (eds.). 2003. The Media and Neo-Populism: A Contemporary Comparative Analysis. Westport: Praeger.
McKean and Benjamin. L. 2016. “Toward an Inclusive Populism? On the Role of Race and Difference in Laclau’s Politics”, Political Theory, 44 (6): 797-820. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0090591716647771.
Micheau, Frédéric. 2017. «Les réactions au premier débat entre les candidats à l’élection présidentielle», Le Point. Available online at: http://bit.ly/3d5fs8D.
Mudde, Cas. 2004. “The Populist Zeitgeist”, Government and Opposition, 39 (3): 541-563. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2004.00135.x.
Mudde, Cas. 2017. “Populism: an ideational approach”, in Paul Taggart, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Pierre Ostiguy and Paulina Ochoa Espejo (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Populism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mudde, Cas and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser (eds.). 2012. Populism in Europe and the Americas. New York: Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139152365.
Mudde, Cas and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, 2013. “Exclusionary vs. Inclusionary Populism: Comparing Contemporary Europe and Latin America”, Government and Opposition, 48 (2): 147-174. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1017/gov.2012.11.
Müller, Jan-Werner. 2016. Qu’est-ce que le populisme ? définir enfin la menace. Paris: Premier Parallel. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3917/apdem.043.0005.
Müller, Jan-Werner. 2018. “El populismo cívico de Macron”, El Mundo, 13-12-2018. Available at: http://bit.ly/2IS6zBK.
Oesch, Daniel. 2008. “Explaining Workers’ Support for Right-Wing Populist Parties in Western Europe: Evidence from Austria, Belgium, France, Norway, and Switzerland”, International Political Science Review, 29 (3): 349-373. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0192512107088390.
Ostiguy, Pierre. 2017. “Populism: A socio-cultural approach”, in Paul Taggart, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Pierre Ostiguy and Paulina Ochoa Espejo (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Populism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.3.
Pauwels, Teun. 2011. “Measuring Populism: A Quantitative Text Analysis of Party Literature in Belgium. Journal of Elections”, Public Opinion and Parties, 21 (1): 97-119. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2011.539483.
Pauwels, Teun. 2014. Populism in Western Europe: Comparing Belgium, Germany, and the Netherlands. New York: Routledge. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4324/97 81315764313.
Reungoat, Emmanuelle. 2010. “Anti-EU Parties and the People: An Analysis of Populism in French Euromanifestos, Perspectives”, European Politics and Society, 11 (3): 292-312. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/15705854.2010.503034.
Rooduijn, Matthijs. 2009. The Concept of Populism in Comparative Research. A Double Operationalization Strategy of Generalization and Particularization. Nijmegen: Politicogenetmaal.
Rooduijn, M., Sarah L. de Lange and Wouter van der Brug. 2014. A populist Zeitgeist? Programmatic contagion by populist parties in Western Europe. Party politics, 20 (4): 563-575. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1354068811436065.
Sini, Lorella. 2016. “De l’icône à l’exemple historique : Le discours de commémoration de Jeanne d’Arc par Marine Le Pen”, Argumentation et Analyse du Discours, 16. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4000/aad.2189.
Stanley, Ben. 2008. “The Thin Ideology of Populism”, Journal of Political Ideologies, 13 (1): 95-110. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/13569310701822289.
Titscher, Stefan, Michael Meyer, Ruth Wodak and Eva Vetter. 2000. Methods of texts and discourse analysis. London: Sage Publications.
Van Dijk, Teun A. 1997. “What is political discourse analysis?”, Belgian Journal of Linguistics, 11 (1): 11-52 Available at: https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.11.03dij.
Weyland, Kurt. 2017. “Populism: A political-strategic approach”, in Paul Taggart, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Pierre Ostiguy and Paulina Ochoa Espejo (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Populism. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.2.
Wodak, Ruth. 2015. The Politics of Fear. What Right-Wing Populist Discourses. London: Sage Publications. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446270073.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Pablo Ribera; José I. Díaz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.