Possible morpho-sedimentary evidence of the 1922 Atacama tsunami in the Pan de Azúcar National Park (northern Chile)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55407/geogaceta102258Keywords:
tsunami deposit, boulder field, 1922 earthquake, Chile, Atacama DesertAbstract
The 1922 Atacama Earthquake is one of the largest megathrust earthquakes of the 20th century in the limit between the Nazca and South American plates. The main damages of the associated tsunami occurred in the coast of northern Chile. In the city of Chañaral, one of the most affected, a maximum flood height of 9 m above sea level and a horizontal inundation of 200 m were reached. The aim of this study is to analyze the geological record of this event in Pan de Azúcar National Park, 10 km north of this port city, where erosive forms and boulder fields have been described evidencing the wave action on the nearshore at heights above the winter storms. This work highlights the need to deepen in the study of the coarse-grain deposits in arid coastal systems to identify the record of tsunamis where their preservation potential is low, and their evidence is masked in the littoral landscape.
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