¿Unidos en la diversidad? Un modelo para medir la cultura política de defensa en Europa
Palabras clave:
cultura de defensa, cultura política, Unión Europea, Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa (PCSD), análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC)Resumen
Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, nº 137
Cuatrimestral (mayo-septiembre 2024)
ISSN:1133-6595 | E-ISSN:2013-035X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24241/rcai.2024.137.2.89
Fecha de recepción: 12.02.24 ; Fecha de aceptación: 09.05.24
La evolución de la Política Común de Seguridad y Defensa (PCSD) de la Unión Europea (UE) cuestiona si las sociedades de los estados miembros comparten una cultura de defensa común o convergente. Sin embargo, problemas conceptuales y metodológicos identificados en la literatura existente dificultan la medición de este fenómeno. Por ello, este artículo propone un nuevo modelo para medir la cultura política de defensa europea a partir de un análisis factorial mixto. Además, con base en diversos eurobarómetros, describe las actitudes actuales de la ciudadanía europea hacia la defensa y el impacto de la guerra en Ucrania. Las conclusiones apuntan, por un lado, a la existencia de diversas subculturas políticas de defensa dentro de la UE; y, por el otro, a varias fortalezas metodológicas, pero también limitaciones, a causa de los datos de los eurobarómetros disponibles.
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