Repetition and Externalizing Socio-Emotional Consequences a according to Sex in ESO
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Abstract
Adolescence is a stage of growth where mental health problems can have considerable effects. Some personal conditions, such as sex, or some educational measures such as repetition, can be relevant to promote the appearance of externalizing socio-emotional problems. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of repeating a course on externalizing problems (anger and aggression) and personal resources (self-esteem, social competence and awareness of problems) according to the sex of adolescents. The sample included 230 males and 215 females between 12 and 17 years old. The test “Evaluation System for Children and Adolescents” (SENA) was used and a cross-sectional comparative design ex post facto. Descriptive analyses and comparisons between means were performed using 2x5 factorial ANOVA. The results indicate that sex and repetition of a course influence the emotional and social adjustment of adolescents. In anger, the group of women and repeaters show higher scores than men and non-repeaters. In aggression, repeaters have higher scores, with no significant effect of sex or its interaction with repetition. In conclusion, this study points out the impact of repetition on externalized socio-emotional problems according to sex, highlighting the relevance of personal resources as protective factors during adolescence.
Key words: repetition, aggression, anger, personal resources, adolescence, sex.
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References
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