The Cambridge Apostles and José María de Torrijos
Discovering heroism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18042/hp.2022.AL.01Abstract
I intend to investigate the attraction that —in the context of liberal emigration in England during the Ominous Decade— the leader José María de Torrijos generated in the group of students at the University of Cambridge known as the Apostles. To do this, I will establish a dialogue between the existing Anglo-Saxon bibliography on this group with the different biographies of the conspirator. I will enrich my analysis with the memoirs written by children of the Apostles Alfred Tennyson and Frederick Denison Maurice and the Records of a Girlhood by the actress Fanny Kemble, sister of the Apostle John Mitchell Kemble. I will also include the correspondence of the Apostles Arthur Hallam and Richard Chenevix Trench, as well as the novel by Maurice Eustace Conway, with a strong autobiographical content and ignored in studies on the Apostles. I will thus delve into a little-known aspect of Torrijos’ life, investigating the reasons that prompted these students to follow him in his conspiracy, as well as, finally, to abandon him.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Manuel Alvargonzález Fernández
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors whose contributions are accepted for publication in this journal, accept the following terms:
a. The authors retain their copyright and guarantee to the magazine the right of first publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution License Attribution-Noncommercial-No derivative works 4.0 Spain, which allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and its first publication is indicated.
b. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements to distribute the version of the published work (e.g. deposit in an institutional repository or archive, or published in a monographic volume) provided the initial publication in this journal is indicated.
PLAGIARISM AND SCIENTIFIC FRAUD
The publication of work that infringes on intellectual property rights is the sole responsibility of the authors, including any conflicts that may occur regarding infringement of copyright. This includes, most importantly, conflicts related to the commission of plagiarism and/or scientific fraud.
Plagiarism is understood to include:
1. Presenting the work of others as your own.
2. Adopting words or ideas from other authors without due recognition.
3. Not using quotation marks or another distinctive format to distinguish literal quotations.
4. Giving incorrect information about the true source of a citation.
5. The paraphrasing of a source without mentioning the source.
6. Excessive paraphrasing, even if the source is mentioned.
Practices constituting scientific fraud are as follows:
1. Fabrication, falsification or omission of data and plagiarism.
2. Duplicate publication.
3. Conflicts of authorship.
