Sexual reform, birth control, naturism and pacifism. The Transatlantic libertarian culture in 1920 and 1930 decades. Estudios. Revista Ecléctica (1928-‍1937): Projection and networks in the Americas

Abstract

The editors and main collaborators to the influential Spanish libertarian magazine Estudios (Valencia, 1928-‍1937) showed a permanent interest in connecting the magazine with the main networks of global anarchism in the interwar years, and also with contemporary international campaigns in defense of birth control, eugenics, sexual reform, naturism or pacifism. As its predecessor did—the magazine Generación Consciente (1923-‍1928)—, Estudios was linked to well-known militants, writers, scientists and propagandists in general of those ideas and practices in Europe and America. Estudios built networks using the magazine itself, its personal contacts with those individuals, and also an active book sale service and an intense publishing work. Therefore, Estudios contributed to the diffusion of this new international anarchist culture of the interwar period. The Americas were crucial here, due to their financial importance for the magazine in terms of sales, but also because of the links established with militants, groups, publishers, etc., of that continent that shared the ideological and cultural orientations of Estudios.