La imagen viril de Pasionaria. Los significados simbólicos de Dolores Ibárruri en la II República y la Guerra Civil

Miren Llona

doi:10.18042/hp.36.11

The Virile Image of Pasionaria. The Symbolic Meaning of Dolores Ibarruri in the II Republic and the Civil War

Authors

Miren Llona Universidad del País Vasco http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-5543

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18042/hp.36.11

Keywords:

Gender, women, Dolores Ibárruri, Pasionaria, Spanish Civil War, sexual difference

Abstract

This article analyzes the changing meaning of femininity in the first quarter of the 20th Century in Spain, by looking at the political role of the communist leader Pasionaria. Focusing on the image of Dolores Ibárruri as a woman of the people first and then as the unique woman leader of the Communist Party, this article draws attention to how close her image was to masculine values. However, as the Civil War progressed, her symbolic meaning changed. Republicans put the stress on the figure of the mother as the core of femininity in an attempt to preserve gender order. Dolores Ibárruri then became a caring and self-sacrificing mother. All this reinforced the activism of republican women as mothers in the rearguard and, at the same time, this process reinforced the heroic role of republican men as combatants. The representation of Pasionaria as a heroic mother also contributed to consolidate the II Republic as the most authentic of the Spanish national expressions.

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Author Biography

Miren Llona , Universidad del País Vasco

Miren Llona es profesora titular de Historia Contemporánea en la Universidad del País Vasco. Fundadora y presidenta de AHOA (Ahozko Historiaren Artxiboa-Archivo de la Memoria del País Vasco) y exvicepresidenta del consejo de dirección de la Internacional Oral History Association (IOHA). Pertenece al grupo de investigación de la UPV/EHU “La experiencia de la sociedad moderna en España (1870-1990)” dirigido por José Javier Díaz Freire.

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Published

2016-12-02

Issue

No. 36 (2016): July-December

Section

STUDIES

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