Desigualdad persistente, pero no un techo de cristal. Sobre género y autoridad en el trabajo

Miguel Caínzos

doi:10.22325/fes/res.2021.43

Autores/as

Miguel Caínzos Universidad de Santiago de Compostela http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-6817

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22325/fes/res.2021.43

Palabras clave:

Autoridad en el trabajo, brecha de género, techo de cristal, desigualdad de género, Erik Wright

Resumen

El objetivo del artículo es estudiar las desigualdades de género en autoridad en el trabajo en España, tomando como punto de partida las aportaciones de Erik Wright. Se describe la magnitud, forma y variación temporal de esta desigualdad y se pone a prueba la hipótesis del "techo de cristal", es decir, la hipótesis de que la desventaja relativa de las mujeres es mayor en los niveles más altos de la jerarquía de autoridad que en los inferiores. Los datos proceden de la "Encuesta de Estructura, Conciencia y Biografía de Clase" (1991), la "Encuesta Sociodemográfica" del INE (1991), la "Encuesta de Calidad de Vida en el Trabajo" (1999-2004) y varias submuestras anuales de la "Encuesta de Población Activa" (2006-2013). Se concluye que, en España, hombres y mujeres tienen probabilidades desiguales de ocupar posiciones de autoridad, pero la evidencia disponible no respalda la hipótesis del "techo de cristal".

Biografía del autor/a

Miguel Caínzos, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela

Doctor en filosofía y profesor de sociología en la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. Ha escrito diversos trabajos sobre teoría sociológica, estratificación social, comportamiento electoral y participación política. En algunos de ellos, ya muy lejanos, intentó hacer un análisis crítico y desarrollo de la teoría de las clases de Erik Wright (Explotación, dominación y estructura de clase. Política y Sociedad, 5: 89-105, 1989; Productive Assets, Economic Practices, and Relational Interests. XIII ISA World Congress of Sociology. RC28: Social Stratification. Bielefeld, 1994; El concepto de estructura de clases. En J. Carabaña (Ed.), Desigualdad y clases sociales. Un seminario en torno a Erik O. Wright. Madrid: Ediciones Visor y Fundación Argentari, 1995; Razones y recetas para construir un esquema de clases. Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 75: 109-143,1996).

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