El papel de los medios de comunicación en contextos de polarización afectiva: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
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https://doi.org/10.21308/recp.64.07Palabras clave:
medios de comunicación, medios sociales, polarización afectivaResumen
La investigación sobre la polarización afectiva está en su apogeo. Las causas que intensifican o mitigan los climas de polarización afectiva en las democracias contemporáneas, así como sus consecuencias, siguen siendo objeto de debate. ¿Cuál es la relación entre los medios de comunicación de masas y sociales y los climas de polarización afectiva? Los medios de comunicación tradicionales y sociales están insertos en una macroestructura por la que circula la mayor parte de la información política que se puede consumir, por lo que es necesario examinar su papel. Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura aborda todos los artículos de la base de datos Web of Science sobre el tema sin restricciones (N=73). Tras la lectura de los artículos, se presentan las principales evidencias, tendencias, consensos y desacuerdos sobre el tema, así como recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones. Los resultados apuntan a efectos mediáticos limitados o mínimos y heterogéneos en una investigación muy centrada en los efectos polarizadores más que en los depolarizadores. También apuntan a una mayor heterogeneidad y moderación partidista de lo esperado en el consumo de información.
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