Perfiles docentes en el contexto de la transformación digital de la escuela
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INTRODUCCIÓN. La figura del docente tiene un papel fundamental en la integración de las TIC en los centros educativos, y la construcción de perfiles del profesorado ha sido utilizada en la investigación educativa sobre el uso pedagógico de las tecnologías digitales. Sin embargo, no existe aún un modelo teórico explicativo que aúne todos los factores y variables que permita implementar estrategias de integración de las TIC en las aulas, centradas en las necesidades y características del profesorado. Es por tal motivo que la presente investigación identifica diferentes perfiles del profesorado y aporta evidencias sobre factores que influyen en el modo de utilización de las tecnologías en la práctica docente. MÉTODO. Se ha realizado una investigación longitudinal con un estudio de casos múltiples, utilizando la entrevista semiestructurada como principal método de recogida de datos y el procedimiento de comparación constante de la teoría fundamentada como técnica para el análisis de datos. En este estudio han participado cuatro centros de educación primaria e infantil y coordinadores TIC, profesorado, miembros de equipos directivos, familias y asesores TIC (n=57). RESULTADOS. Se concluye el estudio con un modelo teórico explicativo conformado por cuatro perfiles de profesorado respecto al uso de las tecnologías en el aula: “reacio”, “aprendiz”, “gestor” y “e-innovador”. DISCUSIÓN. Los factores de la implementación de las tecnologías en la práctica docente identificados y coincidentes con otros estudios son la competencia digital docente, la formación permanente, las actitudes hacia las TIC, la autoconfianza, la colaboración con personal experto en TIC y la presión percibida
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