Desigualdad y movilidad de ingresos: ciencia y política de la ‘curva del Gran Gatsby”

Julio Carabaña Morales

doi:10.22325/fes/res.2023.143

Autores/as

Julio Carabaña Morales Universidad Complutense de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22325/fes/res.2023.143

Palabras clave:

movilidad relativa de ingresos, desigualdad y movilidad de ingresos, curva del Gran Gatsby, ciencia social y política

Resumen

El artículo pretende presentar un caso de ‘deformación’ producida en la investigación social por su ‘captura’ política. Los estudios sobre movilidad de ingresos siguieron, aunque más tarde, una pauta de desarrollo parecida a los de movilidad social: se acumularon sin permitir la formulación categórica de regularidades empíricas. Pero sucedió que cuando algunos economistas creyeron haber encontrado una –a más desigualdad económica menor movilidad relativa de ingresos-, se apoderaron de ella las trompetas de la política, que la lanzaron a la fama con la etiqueta ‘curva del Gran Gatsby’ como una ‘ley’ social de importantes consecuencias políticas. A su vez, esta popularidad ha reforzado la crítica y la investigación empírica posterior sobre el tema.

Citas

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