Dimensiones individual e institucional de la polarización afectiva: una propuesta de marco de análisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22325/fes/res.2024.206Palabras clave:
Polarización afectiva, sistema multipartidista, partidismo, discurso político, consenso políticoResumen
Aunque existe un amplio espectro de literatura académica acerca de la cuestión de la polarización afectiva en Estados Unidos, en la última década ha proliferado el interés por el contexto europeo. Este trabajo pretende profundizar en las dos principales dimensiones de la polarización afectiva. En primer lugar, la dimensión individual, referida al discurso político y a la relación entre individuos y élites políticas. En segundo lugar, la dimensión institucional, relacionada con la irrupción de los sistemas multipartidistas. Los resultados muestran cómo la atomización del espectro político conlleva que el estudio de la animosidad sea aún más complejo. El presente trabajo nos lleva a concluir que, a pesar de los avances, es necesario continuar profundizando en el análisis de la polarización afectiva, especialmente en sus efectos sobre la calidad de las instituciones ya que, al desencadenar enfrentamientos entre individuos y entre partidos, se acaban postergando políticas clave que requieren amplios consensos parlamentarios.
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