«Demoicracia» y legitimidad democrática en la Unión Europea: ¿una alternativa teórica?

Nicolás Palomo Hernández

doi:10.21308/recp.64.05

Autores/as

Nicolás Palomo Hernández School of Transnational Governance - European University Institute

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21308/recp.64.05

Palabras clave:

Unión Europea, legitimidad democrática, demoicracia, democracia transnacional, participación ciudadana

Resumen

La teoría de la «demoicracia» cuestiona la capacidad de los marcos normativos de la democracia clásica para juzgar la legitimidad democrática de la Unión Europea. La «demoicracia» establece los diferentes pueblos o demoi de los Estados miembros y del conjunto de ciudadanos europeos como los sujetos normativos de su teoría, presentándose como una tercera vía transnacional entre soberanismo y supranacionalismo, ya que ambas vinculan la democracia a la existencia de un demos único. Las preguntas que guían este artículo son: ¿supone la «demoicracia» una verdadera alternativa a las teorías clásicas de la integración europea?, ¿puede la «demoicracia» explicar las recientes estrategias de legitimación de la UE? Tras analizar de forma exhaustiva las bases normativas y el desarrollo de la teoría, se argumenta que la «demoicracia» no supone una alternativa a las teorías clásicas de la integración europea y no es capaz de explicar las recientes estrategias de legitimación de la UE (en concreto, las innovaciones deliberativas como los Paneles Europeos de Ciudadanos). En cualquier caso, la «demoicracia» es eficaz al resaltar que el debate sobre la legitimidad democrática de la UE debe apuntar también a las relaciones entre los diversos Estados miembros y entre los Estados miembros y la propia UE.

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